economic importance of coconut

In order to resolve this enigma, a 2014 study proposed that the ancestors of Cocos had likely originated on the Caribbean coast of what is now Colombia, and during the Eocene the ancestral Cocos performed a long-distance dispersal across the Atlantic Ocean to North Africa. It supplies food, drink and shelter and also supplies raw material to number of industries intimately connected with domestic as well as economic life. [85] Mechanical coconut climbing devices and even automated robots have also been recently developed in countries like India, Sri Lanka, and Malaysia. Some of the intercrops identified include cassava, bananas, blackpepper and ginger. In the Philippines, the coconut is commonly called the "tree of life". Choti Holi, also known as Holika Dahan, is an important Hindu festival celebrated throughout India, one day before the main Holi festival. Coconut oil is moisturizing and has been used for centuries as a hair tonic and skin care product. Coconuts sold domestically in coconut-producing countries are typically not de-husked. The immature seeds are infested and desapped by larvae staying in the portion covered by the perianth of the immature seed; the seeds then drop off or survive deformed. However, admixture, the transfer of genetic material, evidently occurred between the two populations. Palm. In the Philippines, this alcoholic drink is called lambanog (historically also called vino de coco in Spanish) or "coconut vodka". Micronutrients in significant content (more than 10% of the Daily Value) include the dietary minerals, manganese, copper, iron, phosphorus, selenium, and zinc (table). 1) Coconut Water: It is liquid endosperm. Saturated fats can easily filter and re-circulate molecules to facilitate absorption by liver. [97], The Philippines is the world's second-largest producer of coconuts. Various other products made from thickened coconut milk with sugar and/or eggs like coconut jam and coconut custard are also widespread in Southeast Asia. Coconut palms yield roughly 20 percent of the market's oils and fats, Just Change Trust estimates. Early Spanish explorers called it coco, meaning "monkey face." Rich in fiber and MCTs, it may offer a number of benefits, including improved heart health, weight loss, and digestion. The queen palm was originally classified in the genus Cocos along with the coconut, but was later reclassified in Syagrus. Coconuts only came into prominence as an important food item after the 1860s and this was largely due to its use by the Indian indentured immigrants who had replaced the slaves on the plantations and who had used coconuts in a variety of ways in their native land. [62] The two groups are genetically distinct, with the dwarf variety showing a greater degree of artificial selection for ornamental traits and for early germination and fruiting. Her articles have appeared in "Newton Magazine" and she has contributed to myriad popular books, including "Masters of Deception" and "Click: The Ultimate Photography Guide for Generation Now." Coconut is a crop of small and marginal farmers since 98% of about five million coconut holdings in the country are less than two hectares. Virgin coconut oil is predicted to experience high demand from consumers with higher health consciousness and as well as aging population. [25] The female flower is much larger than the male flower. Virgin coconut oil is predicted to experience high demand from consumers with higher health consciousness and as well as aging population. Domesticated Pacific coconuts, on the other hand, are rounded in shape with a thinner husk and a larger amount of endosperm. What are the benefits of drinking coconut water? It is known as a bunot in the Philippines and simply a "coconut brush" in Jamaica. Gatchalian et al 1994 developed a sonometry technique for precisely determining the stage of ripeness of young coconuts. de Lourdes Arruzazabala, M.; Molina, V.; Ms, R.; Carbajal, D.; Marrero, D.; Gonzlez, V.; Rodrguez, E. (2007). How do you choose the best tender coconut. The evolutionary origin of the coconut is under dispute, with theories stating that it may have evolved in Asia, South America, or on Pacific islands. (2015), however, suggests that their diversity in New Zealand indicate that they evolved endemically, rather than being introduced to the islands by long-distance dispersal. "The truth behind the "widespread" practice of monkeys harvesting coconuts in Thailand impacting on consumers & retailers", "Focus: Thai coconut farmers reject monkey abuse charges, suffer lost income", "Reviving the Coconut Industry of the Philippines", "Coconut faces a looming global supply shortage, but could an Australian industry crack it? These two forms are referred to by the Samoan terms niu kafa for the elongated wild coconuts, and niu vai for the rounded domesticated Pacific coconuts. A coco chocolatero was a cup used to serve small quantities of beverages (such as chocolate drinks) between the 17th and 19th centuries in countries such as Mexico, Guatemala, and Venezuela. Its versatility and value make it an important commodity that continues to play a vital role in the economic development of many countries around the world. It is governed by a single recessive gene (there are studies to this effect) and . The coconut is a versatile and valuable crop, with a range of uses that contribute to both local and global economies. Apical buds of adult plants are edible, and are known as "palm cabbage" or heart of palm. Malakatad (literally "leather-like") refers to fully mature coconut meat (around 8 to 9 months old) with an opaque white appearance, a tough rubbery to leathery texture, and is difficult to separate from the shell. He also notes that several of the nuts began to germinate by the time they had been ten weeks at sea, precluding an unassisted journey of 100 days or more.[57]. [98][99][100], Two important coconut products were first developed in the Philippines, macapuno and nata de coco. Coconut oil, from the seed of the palm coconut, Cocos nucifera, is highly revered in Asia as the "Tree of Life" or as the fruit of the gods. As of 2006, the U.S. annually imported 190 million pounds of coconut oil, whose worldwide trade reached $20 million. What are 10 uses for a coconut? Harvesting and Yield in Lucerne Cultivation, Important Problems of Coconut Cultivation, Farming Systems & Sustainable Agriculture, Breeding of Field and Horticultural Crops agriculture information, Fundamentals to Entomology agriculture information, Production Techniques for Biological Control Agents, Practicals on Technology of Milk & Milk Products agriculture information, Economics of Natural Resources & Farm Management agriculture information. [57] Thor Heyerdahl provides an alternative, and much shorter, estimate based on his first-hand experience crossing the Pacific Ocean on the raft Kon-Tiki:[68]. The coconut was a critical food item for the people of Polynesia, and the Polynesians brought it with them as they spread to new islands.[170]. [158], The Zulu Social Aid and Pleasure Club of New Orleans traditionally throws hand-decorated coconuts, one of the most valuable Mardi Gras souvenirs, to parade revelers. The endocarp or shell is used for fuel for making shell charcoal, activated carbon etc. [175], The coconut is also used as a target and prize in the traditional British fairground game coconut shy. Agriculture Industry In the past, the harvesting of coconuts and their husks was considered part of the waste or for burning fuel, and they did not have much economic benefit. Neera has a low glycemic count at 35 compared to cane sugar or sugarcane juice that has a glycemic count of 80. [4], The niu vai form is the domesticated form dominant in the Pacific coconuts. [26][27] In Colombia, a single Cocos-like fruit was recovered from the middle to late Paleocene Cerrejn Formation. IMPORTANCE OF COCONUT Coconut is the environment friendly small-holder palm of the tropical environment Covering 12.28 million hectares in 90 countries with an annual production of 64.3 billion nuts Coconut provides USD$ 7.73 Billion per annum to global coconut small holders Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations: Economic And Social Department: The Statistical Division. Coconuts are high in fiber, which helps bulk up your stool and supports bowel regularity, keeping your digestive system healthy ( 6 , 17 ). [66] However, it can also be argued that the placement of the vulnerable eye of the nut (down when floating), and the site of the coir cushion are better positioned to ensure that the water-filled nut does not fracture when dropping on rocky ground, rather than for flotation. In the west coast of India, the palm is an essential component in the homestead system of farming. Coconut oil has high world demand as an ingredient in cosmetics, soaps, hair oils, body oils and in food products and has surged in popularity because of its health benefits. The coconut palm is one of the most beautiful and useful trees in the world, grown in more than 80 countries of the tropical. [18][19] Niu vai endocarp fragments have been recovered in archaeological sites in the St. Matthias Islands of the Bismarck Archipelago. As of 2006, the U. Coconut is a crop of small and marginal farmers since 98% of about five million coconut holdings in the country are less than two hectares. Indo-Atlantic coconuts, in contrast, all have the ancestral traits of tall habits and elongated triangular fruits. [7] A frayed piece of root can also be used as a toothbrush. Research into countermeasures to these pests has as of 2009[update] yielded no results; researchers from the Kerala Agricultural University and the Central Plantation Crop Research Institute, Kasaragode, continue to work on countermeasures. In many parts of the world, the cultivation and sale of coconuts is a major source of income, especially for those living in rural areas. [44], Coconuts have a nearly cosmopolitan distribution due to human cultivation and dispersal. [73], The coconut palm is damaged by the larvae of many Lepidoptera (butterfly and moth) species which feed on it, including the African armyworm (Spodoptera exempta) and Batrachedra spp. [131][86] Most of the fat is saturated (89%), with lauric acid being the major fatty acid. [183] Another early mention of the coconut dates back to the "One Thousand and One Nights" story of Sinbad the Sailor wherein he bought and sold a coconut during his fifth voyage. In Cambodia, the roots are used in traditional medicine as a treatment for dysentery. Why Are There No Coconuts In North India? Coconut oil is also considered good for hair. (April 2006). It was first developed for commercial cultivation in the Philippines and is used widely in Philippine cuisine for desserts, drinks, and pastries. Encyclopaedia Brittanica online. Because coconut milk and oil nourish skin, moisturizing, restorative, vitality to skin, has a radiant effect. [118][119] Another method is to shake the coconut. 2023 Leaf Group Ltd. / Leaf Group Media, All Rights Reserved. It allows toxins to be thrown out of stomach. Therefore, eating coconuts regularly reduces the risk of developing osteoporosis. A hard shell encloses the insignificant embryo with its abundant endosperm, composed of both meat and liquid. [82][78][83] Other manual methods to make climbing easier include using a system of pulleys and ropes; using pieces of vine, rope, or cloth tied to both hands or feet; using spikes attached to the feet or legs; or attaching coconut husks to the trunk with ropes. Updates? The coconut industry is an important pillar of Philippine agriculture. Its fruits are similar to the coconut, but smaller. See also Can Raw Coconut Cause Stomach Pain? Coconut requires low to no inputs within an existing land use area unchanged in 100 years. Traditional Training of Pig-tailed Macaques as Coconut HarvestersM Bertrand; Science; Jan 1967. "[117] In the coconut industry, coconut meat can be classified loosely into three different types depending on maturity namely "Malauhog", "Malakanin" and "Malakatad". The process of husk extraction from the coir bypasses the retting process, using a custom-built coconut husk extractor designed by ASEANCanada Forest Tree Seed Centre in 1986. The importance of the coconut in Austronesian cultures is evidenced by shared terminology of even very specific parts and uses of coconuts, which were carried outwards from the Philippines during the Austronesian migrations. Is eating coconut good for your skin? Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. A long handle made from some other wood may be inserted into the base of the bundle and used as a two-handed broom. Self Magazine. [177], Some South Asian, Southeast Asian, and Pacific Ocean cultures have origin myths in which the coconut plays the main role. [27][28] Endt & Hayward (1997) have noted their resemblance to members of the South American genus Parajubaea, rather than Cocos, and propose a South American origin. It is used for cooking various dishes. [179] In the story of Sina and the Eel, the origin of the coconut is related as the beautiful woman Sina burying an eel, which eventually became the first coconut. While there is a concentration of coconut plantations in the coastal regions of the country, it is also grown in the hinterlands where the agro-climatic requirements of coconut cultivation are met. Composition and Uses: The following products of coconut are useful to human being. Despite the economic importance of the palm, coconut production continued to show stagnancy in production, productivity, and trade in the recent decade (Sairam and Jayasekhar 2018). The Coconut Research Center describes the nut as rich in fiber, vitamins, and minerals with oil comprising mainly medium-chain fatty acids. ~It also helps to make skin softer and more supple. Long-term consumption of coconut oil may have negative health effects similar to those from consuming other sources of saturated fats, including butter, beef fat, and palm oil. [157] The shell and husk can be burned for smoke to repel mosquitoes[156] and are used in parts of South India for this purpose. Three countries were chosen from the nine as focus countries for implementation: Guyana, Jamaica and Dominican Republic. Beneficial Effects of Virgin Coconut Oil on Lipid Parameters and in Vitro LDL Oxidation. [84] Modern methods use hydraulic elevators mounted on tractors or ladders. The biggest barrier to establishing an investment climate for coconut and an economic alternative to oil palm land area expansion is the critical lack of quality planting materials and coconut investment model. What Are the Major Regions of Manufacturing Lisa Smith has been an editor and writer since 1991. Some cultivars are more drought resistant such as 'West coast tall' (India) while others such as 'Hainan Tall' (China) are more cold tolerant. As of 2006, the U.S. annually imported 190 million pounds of coconut oil, whose worldwide trade reached $20 million. What Is The Importance Of Coconut? - Sweetish Hill Coconut cultivation and its importance - Deejay Farms They need year round warmth and moisture to grow well and fruit. The fruit is adapted for ocean dispersal. Be notified when an answer is posted. Palm wine is distilled to produce arrack. Cocos-like fossils of fruits include "Cocos" intertrappeansis, "Cocos" pantii, and "Cocos" sahnii. It is claimed that they evolved to disperse significant distances via marine currents. [166][167][168] Amphioctopus marginatus is the first invertebrate known to be able to use tools.[167][169]. It also had ceremonial importance in pre-colonial animistic religions. [7][8][9] Given proper care and growing conditions, coconut palms produce their first fruit in six to ten years, taking 15 to 20 years to reach peak production. The tradition began in the 1910s, and has continued since. This ritual, known as niniyogan, is an offering made to the deceased and one's ancestors. [92][93][94] Training schools for pig-tailed macaques still exist both in southern Thailand and in the Malaysian state of Kelantan. [147][148], Coconut vinegar, made from fermented coconut water or sap, is used extensively in Southeast Asian cuisine (notably the Philippines, where it is known as sukang tuba), as well as in some cuisines of India and Sri Lanka, especially Goan cuisine. Coconut meat can also be cut into larger pieces or strips, dried, and salted to make "coconut chips" or "coco chips". Mature coconuts, ovoid or ellipsoid in shape, 300450 mm (1218 inches) in length and 150200 mm (68 inches) in diameter, have a thick fibrous husk surrounding the familiar single-seeded nut of commerce. Due to the performance of coconut in the economy as the major source of income, it is considered as a predictor of the general economic activity of the country. Source of Raw Material for the Agro-Based Industries In the agro-based industry, fruit growing offers the raw materials for canning and preserving products, among other things fresh fruits. Coconut palms are believed to be largely cross-pollinated, although most dwarf varieties are self-pollinating. The young coconut plants need to be nursed and irrigated with drip pipes until they are old enough (stem bulb development) to be irrigated with brackish water or seawater alone, after which they can be replanted on the beaches. [91][85] In other areas, like in Papua New Guinea, coconuts are simply collected when they fall to the ground. Bangalore, Karnataka 560025, Monday to Friday 9:30 AM 5:30 PM [4], Coconuts can also be broadly divided into two general types based on habit: the "Tall" (var. The fats in the coconut minimize the pores that attract dirt and bacteria and prevent skin from getting damaged. In the Philippines, the traditional tool is known as the halabas and is made from a long bamboo pole with a sickle-like blade mounted at the tip.

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