cosmoline removal wd40

Click the button below to add the Cosmoline Remover to your wish list. This product hasn't received any reviews yet. Acetone, mineral spirits, or kerosene (but avoid the latter when possible, or when your firearm has been painted or blued). Air compressor. Cosmoline removal questions. Simple Green works great on metal parts, particularly in the ultrasonic cleaner. Removing the cosmoline off of this rifle would greatly reduce its value. It practically dissolves any Cosmoline product in seconds with very little effort. Saturate a clean cloth with Cosmoline Remover. Wipe it off with a combination of shop rags for the surface grease, as well as goof-off to grab any of the sticky residues that are going to be left behind. Reassemble the gun, perform a functions test to make sure that everything feels right and is operating correctly, and youre basically done! For some more cool old guns, take a look at our Walther P1 a much cleaner and easier milsurp. Most of the cosmoline may be getting rid of after a few baths. I generally disassemble the gun into it's primary components first. 5 Steps in Removing Cosmoline 1. Safety is a good tool for tyrants; no one can be against safety. So just wiping it off the surface is all that is required. Mineral spirits are known as a major solvent for removing cosmoline, and you can apply it with a rag. You can accomplish this by wiping your handgun, placing it in a black trash bag, and leaving it out under the hot sun. Let soak for at least 30 seconds. Its very important that you get as much of the Cosmoline out of the gun as possible if only to eliminate the risk of having to disassemble the gun to find a hidden chunk of the rust-preventive gunking it up. cosmoline removal wd40excuses to get out of annual training. Military surplus firearms are typically very easy to fully disassemble with minimal tools, making it a pretty painless job. All that being said I usually buy cotton cloths from a big box store ringspun or recycled and I just wipe. We already have an account registered for email address Hand-Picked Daily GUN DEALS, and Exclusive Coupons Codes >>>. Kerosene is petroleum-based and will not hurt the metal or metal finish. Fighting socialism one republocrat at a time. after that just give it a good cleaning with some hoppes 9 or whatever and you are good to go. The water will melt the Cosmoline off the bolt, and the Cosmoline will rise to the surface. A couple of blasts of WD-40 helped out . I have used before on other parts kits with paper towels or old cotton rags For Cosmoline removal, I get a gallon of K1 kerosene, then put it in a tub. /* You may find the cosmoline caked on the stock, gumming up the receiver and bolt carrier, plugging up the bore, and covering the internal parts of the firearm. Reddit and its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a better experience. All content Copyright 1998-2018 Rifleshooter.com, FTC disclosure: some links on this site are monetized, Sig Sauer MCX Virtus PCP Air Rifle Review- Initial Impressions, Project Guns- Gunsmithing articles and posts, Ruger Precision Rifle Suppressed Load Development: Hornady 147 ELD-Match and H4350 with THUNDER CHICKEN, Wilson Combats Tactical Rail Interface, Modular (T.R.I.M.) We finally discovered the quickest way to remove the cosmoline was to fill up a teapot with water, bring to boil, then slowly pour the boiling water onto the SKS. Suspend stock in pipe using a wire coat hanger, rest blow dryer on either the top or cut a hole in the bottom then set to low heat high fan setting (Don't let the heat in the pipe get over ~165 Fahrenheit due to shellac having a low melting point). You would tie an old shoelace to a receiver, a gear, a bolt assembly, whateverdrop it in a pre-prepared tank of boiling water, watch the clock, and remove. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. Also, older cosmoline tends to solidify when exposed to air for a long time, making it hard to remove. Cosmo just rolls off. It's also called "dry chemical". For rifles like the SKS with a free-floating firing pin, its a critical place to make sure you got REALLY clean. They cost around $20 if you want something cheap. WD-40 does indeed have 50% mineral spirits, but they are refined and purified for specific characteristics needed to meet todays performance, regulatory and safety requirements. Then lay the bag on your dash in the hot sun for a week. Initially delving into the world of guns in his teens through a passion for history, John has been hobby and desert shooting with friends for years. Just wipe it down with a soft cloth to remove things, maybe a gentle toothbrush for the hard to get stuff. Make sure to get into all the internals. You have to apply the necessary gun oil, lubrication, and stain (for wooden stocks) to preserve the piece you worked so hard on cleaning up. Its chemical composition consists primarily of a homogenous mixture of oil-based, non-polar hydrocarbons. How to clean cosmoline off your Mosin Nagant 91/30, SKS or any other surplus gun using Mineral Spirits and hot water. We'll send you the latest guides and training tips geared Cosmoline is a petroleum based brown wax. Following a wash-rinse cycle will help coax Cosmoline out from all the crevices and grooves, so repeat the process until your water runs clear and you can handle each part without it feeling greasy or oily. We believe our Cosmoline Remover is the most effective solution offered anywhere. 3. Lightly go over the parts with the heat gun. For the trigger group, I soaked it in some Hoppe's #9 for a few hours and it seemed to have gotten most of the cosmoline out of it. Worked great. Attempting to remove the rust-preventive after allowing the cosmoline to warm up can result in an oilier finish. Free-floating firing pins, like the one found in AR-15s and the SKS, need to freely float. To help you get rid of this slimy substance, our team spent 48 hours researching the easiest steps in removing cosmoline from your firearms. I have used before on other parts kits with paper towels or old cotton rags. The spray and handy tube make it easy to get into grooves and slots, as well as bolt holes. As it drives out moisture, it does little to oil a surface but sits on top of the surface to protect it. Be sure to re oil the parts. Repeating this multiple times will remove the cosmoline. The stories of miss steps with gas are legion. WOOD: Heat guns are like very hot hair dryers. All petroleum-based products are chemical mixtures that are highly complex. Because of the general porous nature of wood, chances are pretty decent that a good amount of grease has managed to penetrate the wood fiber itself, even if it retained its original finish. Set the temp to 130 degrees, bake for a while. Nothing else like it. you a link to reset your password. Wipe stock every 15 minutes until rags are clean enough for you (also make sure to suspend stock on the other end every once in a while so the heat can reach that end as well). Back in the day, ethyl or "high test" gasoline was good stuff. As expected, once we actually got them out to the desert, they had just a tiny bit more grease to leak out from weird places as the process of shooting warms up places not easily accessed by brush or rag, but so it goes! Switch to Standard View If you are like me, you were hooked the first time you picked up a cosmoline-covered surplus rifle or handgun. Repeating that for a couple of days, gave me a pretty nice, undamaged rifle! Spray part again and set aside to air dry. 3 100w light bulbs mounted in light boxes inside -- bakes the stuff out wonderfully. I remember when a "Yugo" was a piece of crap car. This can be done with a simple rag and some elbow grease. Boil and reoil the smaller metal parts. At this stage, you may benefit more from dissembling the entire gun or parts of it, like the bolt assembly of a rifle, and letting it soak in mineral spirits. jumpscare links to send to friends; elliptical orbit simulator; babolat ambassador program. Just be careful if using a heat gun, keep it on low, and make sure to keep the heat moving and even. The wood I used Citristrip, it worked really well. I use fluid film on all my cars, but fluid film won't hold up under a car for more than six months without re-applying it. Are you aware that cosmoline and shellac are, in fact, two different substances? The use of gasoline as a cleaning solvent is DRAMATICALLY Dangerous. When sourcing our Cosmoline Remover, we took into consideration: effectiveness, safety, cost and convenience of application and clean-up. Collectors of C&R (Curio & Relic) firearms often find old firearms that were built around WWI or WWII and then put in storage. There are a ton of ways to do it and most work great. Repeat this until the patches come out relatively clean. Buy an 8" piece of HVAC round duct pipe, a blow dryer, and paper towels. This has worked well for me and has turned out to be the least labor intensive of the methods I have tried for cleaning off cosmoline. Attempting to remove the rust-preventive after letting it warm up will turn the Cosmoline into an oilier coating, as opposed to a thicker, wax-like substance. This give us a headstart on polishing those bad boys up or if left long enough, cleans them totally with almost no extra work on your end. After eight days, only the very top was showing . story somewhere on the interwebs (possible urban legend) about some guys during the Battle of the Bulge in WWII who were assigned to strip cosmoline off M2 .50 cal. Pick any other cleaning option! It should be treated as a bore obstruction and removed prior to firing. Before you start cleaning, here is a list of things you will need: Some things you should avoid when trying to remove Cosmoline: A note on why you shouldnt use gasoline: using gasoline to clean a firearm just isnt practical, especially in the quantity you would need to clean a typical C&R firearm. I never knew of these methods when I got my mosin, so I spent a week in my basement with some solvent and a few rolls of paper towels. Sorry for the "ums." and "ahh." guys. You n00b! Its important to extract as many residues and greases out of the gun as possible to avoid the risk of disassembling the gun in the future to uncover a hidden chunk of the rust-preventive gunk. I've used mineral spirits, gasoline, heat, soapy water, etc. I'll do better next time. For the metal, I used a hot water/Simple Green mixture, supplemented by automotive brake cleaner. The heat will bleed the cosmo out. but I'm definitely open to suggestions as well. Harsh chemical solvents that could strip paint, finishes, or other aesthetic/functional coatings from the guns surface. I found some PD680 from a chemical company, but it must be neutured or something because it doesn't smell the same and doesn't work anywhere near what the older stuff did back in the '90's. The absolute best stuff I had ever had was military PD680, the older stuff. The protective layer was thick, tough and not easy to remove. There are a few rare examples where you shouldnt remove it. Will brake cleaner remove cosmoline? Immediately spray everything down with WD-40 to displace any remaining water. Bolt components I usually boil, just to make sure I get all of it out. That is why it is called CitriStrip. Many gunsmiths actually use it to cure or set a freshly blued gun. "orange clean" or "simple green" on the wood works good. If you search "ultrasonic cleaner" on Amazon you can find one identical to the Lyman for $30-$40 cheaper. Today, the mineral spirits found in products like ours are more refined and . OMS, odorless mineral spirits for me, too. If you are into guns, tools, or guns and tools, youve undoubtedly run into problems removing cosmoline. I may earn a small part of the sale from links to any products or services on this site. IMMEDIATELY hit it with penetrating oil (NOT WD-40but a real petroleum-based penetrating oil), and wipe down with a soft cloth. Use coupon code KTG10 to get 10% off your order of $150 or more at Brownells. Originally developed in the late 1800s and marketed as a home disinfectant and veterinary anti-swelling agent, presumably by the same turn of the century physicians inclined to prescribe you cocaine for a staph infection or whatever. The protective layer was thick, tough and not easy to remove. For the small parts of the weapon, try to soak them first in hot water. Corrosion-Resistant ReusablePeel-Away Coatings for Metal. towards your level. Pour the boiling water into the grease, then repeat the process until your water runs clear and you can handle each part without feeling oily. There are few procedures that you can use to remove and clean cosmoline from your military surplus guns. Trip83 . Cosmoline removal . I soaked them in mineral spirits then rinsed with hot water and dried them. Almost boiling water works pretty well to clean cosmoline off of metal. Stock in a trash bag on a hot day Or mineral spirits scrub down? Consider this just a primer on how you might tackle a cosmoline cleanup job, but there are tons of ways to go about it. Personalize your experience. Mix denatured alcohol and boiled linseed oil 50/50 and scrub a stock with it using 0000 steel wool. When I began removing the cosmoline from my new Precision Matthews PM-1440GT lathe, it was a little daunting. For the stocks, I generally do the dish washer routine (of course, I wait for my wife to be gone for the day first!lol). We wound up using about ~3 cans of cleaner total per rifle, using a general spray vigorously and begin wiping down method. This particular C96 seems have been dunked in the stuff, so I decided to try boiling it in water to melt the cosmoline rather than clean it all with rags and Q-tips. Gently rub area to maximize contact between cleaner and surface. (Demonstration video coming soon). In the Marine Corps, more than once did we have to 'un-Cosmoline' weapons, gear or other 'NOS stuff'and without fail, the answer was always the same: 'Disassemble the device (if required) to field strip position, place the Cosmolined-item into the BOILING WATER TANK, and allow to soak for 4-5 minutes, as needed'. Which is just fine if your gonna leave her as it with the finish. Although the fine, colorless sprays coating was dry after a week of freshwater sprays, the panel had no rust. Old Steel is dedicated to finding historical and collectible items and making them available to the customer. Apply some to a cleaning patch and run it through the bore. Whatever their history was with the PLA prior to being locked in the goo grave for an indeterminate amount of time, they certainly werent babied. The more you wash and rinse the rifle, the more creep will appear. Required fields are marked *. Was thinking of boiling in dish detergent water. Good or bad idea? It's thin or thickly applied depending on the monkey with the sprayer that particular day and is either easy or hard to get off depending on which monkey sprayed your car. You may find that some firearms have been brushed . Cosmoline is a greenish man-butter stuff that most car manufacturers spray on engines/undercarriages of cars to protect during transport. The process is very dirty. We used our same bore brush to ram out the gas tube as well and while its not as critical to get this part as sparkling clean as the barrel, you obviously dont want any obstructions in the cavity that your piston sits within. Nylon brush. Cosmoline does an excellent job of preventing corrosion and preserving metal parts. They are the go-to gun shop for collectors and shooters alike. how to pronounce often in australia; daniel ricciardo hoodie 3 ric; family nurse practitioner near me; linux diff show only differences; Depending on the gun youre working on, this may or may not be a concern. It doesnt take a lot to complete this process. Re: Cosmoline removal Ford & Pontiac used alot of Cosmoline back in the 80`s & 90`s to protect the car from transit contaminants. No wiping needed with mineral spirits. There you go. Removing all of the Cosmoline will take significant work regardless, so it comes down to a matter of preference. When the grease came to the surface or began to run off, I hit the parts with Brake Kleen then put them back out in the sun again. . Strips the finish and removes the cosmoline really, really well. Cosmoline is not a new invention and was originally used as a pharmaceutical product in the late 1800s. I've discovered recently that WD40 works good. Cosmoline can be dipped or brushed onto the firearm at temperatures between 140 and 160 degrees F. While it can be dipped into hotter melts it's not necessary and is done, generally, to allow more firearms to be dipped without cooling the liquid. If you want to spay, you could put it in a garden type sprayer. If you want to check this out in a video, take a look! I just go to the car wash and hit it with the degreaser setting then rinse setting. You can also apply chemicals such as acetone and kerosene. used kompact kamp mini mate for sale. A dry film of it on the mags isn't going to hurt anything. **This product is not offered in aerosol can containers. Ive just tossed all metal parts in the oven at around 150F for about 5-10 mins. The more you manipulate, wash, and rinse the firearm, the more youll see creep to the surface. I've tried various methods in the past, none of which seemed to work particularly well. This process is simple but very messy and should be done in a well-ventilated area. Purchased a SKS Type 56 that was so loaded with Cosmoline that the sales person would not even touch it. 1 Place a part in a solvent compatible container and spray down with brake cleaner. Goo Gone is a cirtus gel product that is marketed for the removal of adhesive residue on consumer projects. There are lots of options and choices you can make, but what we used were: Specifically, weve got 3 surplus Type 56 carbines that we picked up from Palmetto State Armory which are essentially Chinese domestic clones of the Soviet SKS with a few minor tweaks here and there. Q-tips for cleaning the other metal sections of the gun After peeling, they leave a greasy film for continued corrosion protection. Remove all metal from stock you are comfortable removing. 2. If the metal is removed from the stock, it shouldn't make much of a difference. Ive even seen Mosin Nagants that the lock time could be measured in whole seconds due to this. Deisel, mineral spirits, gasoline, lacquer thinner, etc are almost ineffective. For best results, turn cloth frequently while cleaning. I paid $4 for a spray bottle. Despite being virtually entirely made up of hydrocarbons, the composition varies depending on the crude oil source. remove all the metal parts, wash it with the hottest water you can tolerate then spray all surfaces with wd40 to prevent rust. Make sure you get all of the Cosmolene off of the gun! For metal, Boil water and combine with CONCENTRATED Simple Green in a disposable pan and wash all the metal. The cosmo bubbled to the top and I wiped it up, then repeated. WD40 is designed to evaporate of surfaces. Because it was so darn cold (sub-zero temperatures) they decided to speed the process with heat. Kroil can be found here at Brownells.com. Cosmoline is petroleum-based rust and corrosion-inhibiting grease. gear. However, it gives you the opportunity to get to know the inner workings of your firearm on another level. We personally used a Lyman sonic cleaner and Lyman solvent, which worked pretty well and got us most of the way there, with only a tiny bit of extraneous scrubbing required afterwords. Remove the stock, get a few tooth brushes and start dousing and scrubbing the metal. This can cause hang fires or, worse yet, negligent discharges. For Cosmoline removal, I get a gallon of K1 kerosene, then put it in a tub. Just avoid gasoline as your cleaning solvent as its not advisable to use. I cleaned a heavily soiled 37 bSw last week, I use Krud Kutter. Title: Original Cosmoline hey thanks for this information. For a complete listing of cities,click here. Worked really well. Place the parts on some cardboard and the cleanup is minimal. When cosmoline is exposed to heat and pressure like this, it will essentially bake on the metal surface. However, I do not recommend doing it indoors; outside or in a garage is best. Soaking, washing, rinsing, and scrubbing will take hours to complete before you can handle your parts or firearm without the greasy residue covering your hands. . Cosmoline Remover is a solvent-based industrial cleaner specifically formulated to quickly & effectively remove all types of Cosmoline and other petroleum-based transportation and storage coatings. In general, their toxicity to humans is minimal, although there are exceptions. He grew up in Elk County, Pennsylvania, where he became obsessed with the world of firearms. A couple of hours later, I then wiped off most of the rest of the cosmoline, and then did a little scrubbing, spraying, wiping repeat until 99% of it was gone. Oil or grease, residue, and dirt can build up in the barrel and internal parts during shooting sessions. But when you have robbed a man of everything, he is no longer in your power he is free again. It worked great. Just be sure to oil thoroughly as soon as possible because it'll be bone dry when you're done. Place the bolt assembly into the boiling water. This is one of the few times I will recommend WD-40 for working on guns. I've been researching some products that can remove the yellowish cosmoline thats baked onto the bay and have found some good reviews on Zymol Strik. I do this on bare stocks after stripping them. Cosmoline is great stuff for protecting guns from rusting in storage, but it can be a rear bear to remove. The other reason being is a nice coating of oil keeps your parts moving smoothly and protects guns in storage. Remove the stock, get a few tooth brushes and start dousing and scrubbing the metal. Let me show you how I safely remove cosmoline. Just throw the parts in hot water. I used a heat gun for metal and wood. METHOD #2: Soak Parts in Cosmoline Remover. Ok, what method is easier. Following graduation, he accepted a job at C. Sharps Arms in Montana, where he still works full time as a stockmaker and gunsmith. This is how to remove cosmoline in the most effective and efficient manner from your newly-acquired Moist Nugget or other military surplus firearm. StingRay parts washers use a non-flammable alkaline cleaning detergent such as Power Kleen V or Power Kleen IIIL. WD40 is an expensive version of mineral spirits. Use a hair dryer on the stock and wipe it down until clean. Even if your item only has a light coating of older Cosmoline, you might have questions as to how best to remove old coatings. WD40 is a good cleaner for surfaces that you have good access to wipe down, but when it comes to cleaning small parts such as springs, sears, hammers, and other hard to reach places, I find that mineral spirits does a better job. We have purchased closed to 20, mostly Chinese SKS"s, all of which were coated with cosmoline. Now I am off to buy a steam cleaner. You can opt to disassemble your firearm before you start this process or keep your gun intact throughout the cleaning process. Avoid that by making sure its very clean! Let it sit for a couple of minutes, then run a few dry patches through. The cosmoline coated bumpers and trim was given an extra dose of solvent, then a high temperature pressure washer (yeah, a steam cleaner) was used to remove the cosmoline. These were pretty bad. I've used this method on all four of my rifles and it worked very well. . Wipe off the WD40. When I began removing the cosmoline from my new Precision Matthews PM-1440GT lathe, it was a little daunting. Q-Tips and cotton swabs also work. Of course, after the wash and rinse process of cleaning, the firearm needs to be dry. Be the first to review this product! Heat and humidity make a heat gun or hair dryer a good option here. I just finished cleaning up a Yugoslavian SKS that was thoroughly coated with cosmoline.I used some shop towels and WD-40. I bake all the stocks in a long homemade oven I made. Social media guy and gucci gear nerd extraordinaire, he enjoys tracking the equipment trends of various SOF forces worldwide and collecting a wholly unnecessary amount of Multicam Black kit. It practically dissolves any Cosmoline product in seconds with very little effort. It worked so well that I took pictures and video of the last small cosmoline section of metal I had to clean. Bolt assembly and small parts steam on top off kettle with rack and follow same process for clean and lube for reassemble .had to deal with this stuff with stored engine cylinder heads and guns a lot steam and compressed air. After that, dry thoroughly, degrease, then apply oil and a film of liquid silicone. Water and wood are NOT compatible. Yes, cosmoline is toxic because it is a petroleum-based grease. Throw on a podcast or something youre likely going to be here for a bit. We walk-through an SKS example with plenty of pics and video. Dont worry too much if you cant actually get to most of the grease yet, just consider this an initial pass thatll make later cleaning a little bit easier. By accepting all cookies, you agree to our use of cookies to deliver and maintain our services and site, improve the quality of Reddit, personalize Reddit content and advertising, and measure the effectiveness of advertising. Posted: 7/20/2014 7:07:20 AM EST [#2] 5-Gallon Pail ($265.00) << Special Price, Best Value! In between cleanings use mineral spirits to wipe the surface. JavaScript is disabled. Wipe it down with a rag with a little denatured alcohol on it. After hours of scrubbing, you will eventually remove the majority of Cosmoline from the gunbut you cant stop with that. Place parts covered in Cosmoline into the bath. It may take a few dips or baths to get the majority of Cosmoline off. If you need suggestions, try one of our favorite YouTube channels. Post author: Post published: June 2, 2022 Post category: symptoms of a bad metering valve Post comments: affidavit for police character certificate affidavit for police character certificate WD40 and CRC 556 are recommended solvents. The metal gets put through hot boing water and simple green. Press question mark to learn the rest of the keyboard shortcuts, M91, M91/30, M91/30 PU, M38, M44, 48M, T53, Enough Glorious Rifle to arm small milita. You can also use another heat source to melt the cosmoline to its liquid condition, such as a heat gun or an oven. When I started cleaning it I used a heat gun after tearing it completely down. Those of you with any amount of experience dealing with milsurp guns have probably also encountered the enigma of cosmoline. Here's one of the several main versions of cosmoline in an aerosol. Thanks, John. No other commonly available solvent works as well but it aint magic. comments sorted by Best Top New Controversial Q&A Add a Comment Dexter-the-Cat Cosmoline Removal Wd40 ; Conclusion ; What Removes Cosmoline? Once cosmoline has been exposed to air for a few years, it will solidify and become a wax consistency. . When sourcing our Cosmoline Remover, we took into consideration: effectiveness, safety, cost and convenience of application and clean-up. For the detail areas i use tooth brushes/ q tips. This solvent-based formula is safe to use on any painted surface and is ideal for preparing new vehicles for sale. The Best Accessories for Your Gunsmithing Bench for Under $11. Gently remove parts and wipe off Cosmoline or move parts back and forth in bath and Cosmoline will start coming off. That only works if there is a person close by that can yell "CUT" right after the take. Gently remove parts and wipe off Cosmoline or move parts back and forth in bath and Cosmoline will start coming off. It is brown in color and usually engulfs those beautiful surplus rifles at the local gun show. Before you start the process of removing the cosmoline, you need to disassemble the firearm fully. Try simple green first. Oven cleaner works well.have used it a number of times. Ive tried various methods in the past, none of which seemed to work particularly well. This will speed up the process. Hmm, so it's like packing grease. I will offer that after trying everything, the absolute best method for degreasing the stock is to put it in a large black garbage bag and fill it with either kitty litter, or that similar stuff you use to soak up oil on the driveway. AK-47 Tips/Tricks, Links, Content and Buyer Guides. When you shoot, residual fouling builds up in the barrel. AtLunde Studio, our primary goal is to provide a dedicated resource for all gun enthusiasts from all walks of life. If you have chunks of cosmo, remove them out first.. carefully remove the "deep" stuff. Removing Cosmoline has given people grief since 1939. METHOD #1: Wipe with Cloth, Rag or Paper Towel, METHOD #2: Soak Parts in Cosmoline Remover. I tried Hoppes #9 (gun cleaner) on a small section and was surprised at how easy it took it off. There's two main types of cosmoline: RP- 342 and RP- 344 I belive. It will dry everything out so you can't use it on rubber, plastics or wood and don't get it on your skin either. guns & Want the best cosmoline removal methods for cleaning up your milsurp gun? And that brings us to where we are today. 3. Luckily, cosmoline melts at anywhere between 115-125 degrees Fahrenheit. Note: Most of the links in this article earn me a small commission at no cost to you.