University Students and Mental Health Fig 1. Researchers have also examined the mediating role of PsyCap in the relationship between positive emotion and academic performance (Carmona-Halty et al., 2019; Hazan Liran & Miller, 2019; B. C. Luthans et al., 2012; K. W. Luthans et al., 2016); relationships and predictions between PsyCap and mental health in university students (Selvaraj & Bhat, 2018); and relationships between PsyCap, well-being, and coping (Rabenu et al., 2017). Multivariate multiple regression was carried out to understand the predictive role of PsyCap on PERMA at two time points (before and during COVID-19). * p < .05, ** p < .01. Copyright 2023 Mental Health America, Inc. preparing for your wellness during the COVID-19 outbreak, College During COVID: Balancing Academics & Fun, One Love Foundation x Mental Health America, How The Human-Animal Bond Increases Resilience And Empowers Us To Thrive, Managing Video Anxiety During Teletherapy, COVID-19 And Loneliness: When It Seems Like No One Cares, Maintaining Hope In The Face Of Uncertainty, Preparing For The Holidays During COVID-19, Be Kind to Your Mind: Stress Coping Strategies During COVID-19 (Webinar Recording), Facebook Live: Support Animals and COVID-19 Anxiety, Processing Big Changes: Grief And Loss During COVID-19. Mental Health Status and Coping among Portuguese Higher Education Students in the Early Phase of the COVID-19 Pandemic. It is very good for your Further, PsyCap HERO dimensions were negatively correlated to negative emotion and loneliness. We examined whether the COVID-19 context shaped the efficacy of particular strategies to promote well-being. The questionnaire included items related to age, gender, race/ethnicity, relationship status, education classification, and employment status. As a flexible learning method, most schools chose online distance learning (ODL). Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ. Journal of Management Development, 35(9), 10981118. Mental health and behavior of college students during the early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic: Longitudinal smartphone and ecological momentary assessment study. * p < .05, ** p < .01. (1993). The coronavirus pandemic is pushing America into a mental health crisis. Mental health problems and help-seeking behavior among college students. Book ReviewCollege Counseling and Student Development: Theory, Practice, and Campus Collaboration, Reflections on Power From Feminist Women Counselor Educators, Evaluating the Impact of Solution-Focused Brief Therapy on Hope and Clinical Symptoms With Latine Clients, Guidelines and Recommendations for Writing a Rigorous Quantitative Methods Section in Counseling and Related Fields. Surgeon General issued an advisory on the nations youth mental health crisis in December 2021. The study further analyses the causes of Malaysian university students' grievances and challenges and psychological effects in Healthcare workers were exposed to this highly infectious virus during the pandemic and suffered several social and psychological consequences, such as anxiety, psychological distress, and burnout. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2011.02.004, Avey, J. (2011). Cleveland, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(6). An official website of the United States government. Such a decline in well-being following a pandemic is consistent with previous occurrences of public health crises or natural disasters (Deaton, 2012). Over the past decade, PsyCap has been applied to university student development and mental health. https://www.bestcolleges.com/blog/coronavirus-survey. Experimentally analyzing the impact of leader positivity on follower positivity and performance. WebCoping with the Crisis As with any difficult situation, each person relies on different coping mechanisms. Can I Really Be Burnt Out Because Of Working From Home? 2021 Jul-Sep;104(3):368504211029812. doi: 10.1177/00368504211029812. How to increase and sustain positive emotion: The effects of expressing gratitude and visualizing best possible selves. Risk perceptions, fear, depression, anxiety, stress and coping among Saudi nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Objectives To assess the psychological distress, anxiety, depression, coping strategies, and transmitted securely. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972063414526124, Masten, A. S. (2001). Psychological Capital (PsyCap) Teaching university students active coping strategies, such as positive reframing and how to access emotional support, could help them cope with adverse situations. The majority of the participants were full time students (82%, n = 498) compared to part-time students (18%, n = 111). to the adversity. Guilford. School child wearing face mask during corona virus and flu outbreak. Guarding Your Joy: Keeping Your Mental Wellness High On Your Agenda, 7 Tips For Keeping A Routine For Your Wellness, Your Employees Are Stressed: Why Digital Mental Health Solutions Are Important In These Unpredictable Times And Beyond, Social Distancing And Staying Connected Through Games, Your Feelings (About Coronavirus) Are Valid, 10 Things You Can Do Besides Watch The News, A College Students 7 Tips For Transitioning To Online Classes. Students are dealing with a variety of social-emotional issues during the COVID-19 pandemic from a lack of basic resources in the home, such as food, a deficit in coping skills, or perhaps a lack of internet access. https://news.gallup.com/poll/310250/worry-stress-fuel-record-drop-life-satisfaction.aspx, Youssef-Morgan, C. M., & Luthans, F. (2015). P = Positive Emotion, Advancing psychology to benefit society and improve lives. This instrument is used widely in studies with university students (e.g., Madhyastha et al., 2014; Miyazaki et al., 2008). During the COVID-19 pandemic, adolescents emerged as one of the most official website and that any information you provide is encrypted Coping strategies were evaluated using the Brief COPE questionnaire (Carver, 1997), which is a short form (28 items) of the original COPE inventory (Carver et al., 1989). Age was positively correlated with change in PERMA elements, but not gender. Given the ongoing repercussions of the pandemic, we recommend continued and longitudinal studies on well-being, coping strategies, and PsyCap. Seligmans multidimensional model integrates both hedonic and eudaimonic views of well-being, and each of the well-being components is seen to have the following three properties: (a) it contributes to well-being, (b) it is pursued for its own sake, and (c) it is defined and measured independently from the other components (Seligman, 2011). Disengagement coping includes responses such as avoidance, denial, and wishful thinking, as well as aspects of emotion-focused coping, because it involves an attempt to escape feelings of distress (Carver & Connor-Smith, 2010; de la Fuente et al., 2020). WebCOVID-19 Coping Strategies. Try to get in at least one physical activity each day. Good relationships, good performance: The mediating role of psychological capital: A three-wave study among students. Grieve those losses, then reframe how you think about these life events. Aim of the Study and Research Questions https://doi.org/10.1108/13620431111107810, DeWitz, S. J., Woolsey, M. L., & Walsh, W. B. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the Its enough to let them know theyre not alone. OH Medicine, Psychology. Investigating the current state of emotional responses and coping strategies of nurses and college nursing students in Anhui Province found that women showed more severe anxiety and fear than men and COVID-19 is a pressure source with great influence, both for individuals and for the social public groups. Even something as simple as turning on your webcam during virtual classes can help you and others feel more connected. Recently, the use of positive psychology smartphone apps such as Happify and resilience-building video games such as SuperBetter have been suggested and tested as motivational tools, especially with younger adults, to foster sustained and continued engagement with PsyCap development (F. Luthans & Youssef-Morgan, 2017; McGonigal, 2015). A single overall flourishing score provides a global indication of well-being, and at the same time, the domain-specific PERMA scores provide meaningful and practical benefits with regard to the possibility of targeted interventions. Ask your supervisor for help. Healthcare workers were exposed to this highly infectious virus during the pandemic and suffered several social and psychological consequences, such as anxiety, psychological distress, and burnout. An invitation to participate, which included a link to an informed consent form and the survey, was distributed to all university students at two large U.S. public institutions in the Midwest and the South via campus-wide electronic mailing lists. Implications and recommendations for psychoeducation and counseling interventions to promote PsyCap and adaptive coping strategies in university students are presented. Psychological capital and beyond. These are potential areas of practice for college counselors and counselors serving university students. Point-biserial correlation However, after COVID-19, self-efficacy did not present as a predictor of well-being in this study. Specifically, we found coping through self-blame playing a mediating role between PERMA factors and two of the HERO dimensionsresilience and hope. PsyCap is defined as an, individuals positive psychological state of development characterized by (1) having confidence (self-efficacy) to take on and put in the necessary effort to succeed at challenging tasks; (2) making a positive attribution (optimism) about succeeding now and in the future; (3) persevering toward goals and, when necessary, redirecting paths to goals (hope) in order to succeed; and (4) when beset by problems and adversity, sustaining and bouncing back and even beyond (resilience) to attain success. Future researchers should consider issues of internal consistency as they choose scales and interpret results. In Poland, the transfer to online teaching was announced without prior warning, which radically changed students' daily functioning. (2015). The predictive role of PsyCap on well-being at two time points (before and after the onset of COVID-19) was analyzed using multivariate multiple regression (see Table 2). https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.201800332, Luthans, B. C., Luthans, K. W., & Avey, J. Visit your App store or the Houseparty Appwebsite. Background Coronavirus disease-19 emerged in December 2019. Computer Human Behavior, 69, 19. COVID-19 and school closures impacted many children and adolescents' mental health and well-being. The results allow for concluding that the students' maladaptive strategies of coping with stress, especially during the pandemic, may result in long-term consequences for their psychophysiological health and academic achievements. The potentialities of online teaching allowed a didactic continuity that would have been impossible otherwise, and this approach is likely to be https://doi.org/10.1108/JMD-06-2015-0091. Would you like email updates of new search results? American Psychologist, 56(3), 227238. 2023 Feb 8;20(4):2988. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20042988. As teachers, it is essential to listen to students' concerns and demonstrate understanding as well as empathy. The connection between our physical body and our mental health is important and may be something worth exploring when thinking about staying mentally healthy. The predictive role of hope was negligible before COVID-19. Students substance use (mean) and, Fig 8. 10.1007/s12144-020-01304-z To conclude, the present findings contribute to existing literature on PsyCap and well-being, using the PERMA model of well-being (Seligman, 2011) among university students in the United States in the context of COVID-19. (2013). WebThis study intends to investigate the extent to which students' learning experience has been meaningful and satisfying, and their sentiment on online distance learning due to the implementation of emergency remote teaching (ERT). Now is my chance to help others. doi: 10.2196/22817. With that in mind, it is important to detect individuals at risk of developing depressive symptoms early and identify protective factors. (2018). Human Resource Development Quarterly, 22(2), 127152. Data was gathered from 577 students from 17 universities. Cohen, J. Brief COPE Questionnaire Epub 2021 May 12. Similarly, approach coping strategies such as active coping, positive reframing, and acceptance (Carver, 1997) were resilient strategies to handle pandemic stress whereas using emotional support and planning showed weaker but significant roles. This study examined the relationships between psychological capital (PsyCap), coping strategies, and well-being among 609 university students using self-report measures. (2017). Perhaps youre juggling your childrens educational needs as well as your own. Your classmates have probably scattered. Make sure to validate their emotions, letting them know their feelings and frustrations are understandable. Additionally, data collection methods and sample demographics would likely limit generalizability. University students faced unprecedented challenges and stressors, especially Asian Seligman, M. E. P. (2002). 44106-7164, Jack, Joseph and Morton Mandel School of Applied Social Sciences, COVID-19: Our Body, Our Brains, Our Trauma. Luthans, F., Youssef-Morgan, C. M., & Avolio, B. J. 2011;81: 101107: 10.1111/j.1939-0025.2010.01077.x The how of happiness: A scientific approach to getting the life you want. https://doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v8n10p102. Front. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 24(2), 221230. Such factors as age, gender, and place of residence influenced the choice of specific strategies of coping with stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. Accessibility Mediator coping strategies. -. Coping strategies with insignificant mediating role are not included in the table. Researchers have recommended coping skills training for university students to modify maladaptive coping strategies and enhance pre-existing adaptive coping styles Instead of worrying about our ambiguous future, focus on solving immediate problems. The impact of business school students psychological capital on academic performance. Coping Strategies as a Mediator Objectives: To explore and describe the coping strategies used by student nurses during COVID-19. 8600 Rockville Pike (2009). The authors reported no conflict of interest It was found that nursing students have negative coping methods, such as not being able to manage time well due to constraints at home and spending too much time on the phone, internet, and computer. Hearing about the pandemic can be upsetting. WebAbstract This study sought to determine risk and protective factors related to COVID-19 pandemic-specific post-traumatic stress disorder in university students. Gallup. Positive psychological capital: Measurement and relationship with performance and satisfaction. Kozakiewicz A, Izdebski Z, Biaorudzki M, Mazur J. Int J Environ Res Public Health. Each item is rated on an 11-point scale ranging from never (0) to always (10), or not at all (0) to completely (10). In this context, positive coping strategies and PsyCap may be increasingly valuable assets for university students to address the psychological challenges associated with this pandemic and to maintain or enhance their well-being. Northwestern University. Indeed, the emerging literature paints a bleak picture of college students experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic. Further, they have negative associations with stress, burnout, negative health outcomes, and undesirable behaviors at the individual, team, and organizational levels (Avey, Reichard, et al., 2011; Newman et al., 2014). Coping is often defined as efforts to prevent or diminish the threat, harm, and loss, or to reduce associated distress (Carver & Connor-Smith, 2010, p. 685). Washington Post. Indirect Effect of Psychological Capital on PERMA Factors Through Coping Strategies (Mediators), Note. 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Future researchers examining well-being in university students in different regions of the country or internationally may wish to further investigate the applicability of the PERMA model as a measure of university students well-being during the pandemic. The main coping methods used were watching movies and listening to music (81%), playing sports (80%), praying (75%), rigorously applying social distancing measures