(42) Weatherproof means so constructed or protected that exposure to the weather will not interfere with successful operation. The least we can do to thank those who protect our rights and freedoms as Americans. (c) Attic locations. In the last twenty years, researchers have also developed advanced thermal comfort models that divide the human body into many segments, and predict local thermal discomfort by considering heat balance. J. Phys. Such valves must be equipped with handle position stops that are adjustable in accordance with the valve manufacturer's instructions and to a maximum setting of 120 F. (d) Panel label. Tie: means straps, cable, or securing devices used to connect the manufactured home to ground anchors. [77], Personal comfort systems (PCS) refer to devices or systems which heat or cool a building occupant personally. For homes designed to be located in Wind Zones II and III, manufacturers shall design exterior walls surrounding the egress window openings to allow for the installation of shutters or other protective covers, such as plywood, to cover these openings. [58 FR 55020, Oct. 25, 1993, as amended at 86 FR 2523, Jan. 12, 2021]. (See 3280.307.). There has been much research on formulating the saturation vapor pressure. Included are the songs of. Standard Specification for Crosslinked Polyethylene (PEX) Plastic Hot- and Cold-Water Distribution Systems - ASTM F877-07 (incorporated by reference, see 3280.4). Truss gravity loads must be calculated based on the overall truss length (horizontal projection), including eave or cornice projections. Cooling efficiency increase factor = the increase factor in the cooling equipment efficiency measured by the Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio (SEER) above that required by NAECA. (7) IAPMO PS 31-91, Material and Property Standards for Backflow Prevention Assemblies, IBR approved for 3280.604(b). Measure and record the deflections. Design and Fabrication of Glued Plywood-Lumber Beams, Supplement# 2 - APA S 812R, 1992 (incorporated by reference, see 3280.4). Certain structures may be excluded from these Standards as modular homes under 24 CFR 3282.12. (b) Habitable room means a room or enclosed floor space arranged for living, eating, food preparation, or sleeping purposes not including bathrooms, foyers, hallways, and other accessory floor space. It is recommended to keep relative humidity levels higher in a bathroom than other rooms in the house for optimal conditions.[33]. (3) Electrical polarity checks to determine that connections have been made in accordance with applicable provisions of these standards and Article 550.17 of NFPA 70-2005 (incorporated by reference, see 3280.4). Standard Specification for Gypsum Wallboard - ASTM C 36/C 36M-99, 1999. (i) At least two average quality/consecutively tested trusses must pass all requirements of the test, for initial qualification of the truss design. Coumou, D., and A. Robinson, 2013: Historic and future increase in the global land area affected by monthly heat extremes. (iii) Appliance, portable means an appliance which is actually moved or can easily be moved from one place to another in normal use. (See 3280.809.). (4) Material and design. The formula is heating efficiency increase factor = AFUE (HSPF) home AFUE (or HSPF) NAECA divided by AFUE (HSPF) NAECA. PART 3280 - MANUFACTURED HOME CONSTRUCTION AND SAFETY STANDARDS. (iii) Electrical brake wiring. View Details. When the truss design is brought into production, a follow-up test is to be performed if the truss design has been out of production for more than 6 months. Text mining of the entire database via API is also available. 70-2005 is not required. (C) The attic must be vented in accordance with 3280.504(c)(1)(i); (3) Mechanical vents must be installed in accordance with the vent manufacturer's instructions. (y) International Code Council Evaluation Service (NER), (previously known as National Evaluation Service), 5360 Workman Mill Road, Whittier, CA 90601-0543, telephone number 1-800-423-6587, ext. (2) Home manufacturers must provide specific written instructions for installers on how to inspect and test the operation of smoke alarms during installation of the home. Plumbing system means the water supply and distribution pipes; plumbing fixtures, faucets and traps; soil, waste and vent pipes; and water-treating or water-using equipment. (iv) Combustible doors which provide interior or exterior access to furnace and/or water heater spaces. (xiv) Article 440.65, IBR approved for 3280.801(b). Every structural assembly tested shall be capable of meeting the Proof Load Test or the Ultimate Load Test as follows: (a) Proof load tests. (ii) Where roof surfaces adjacent to the wall or walls are at different elevations and the higher roof is not more than 30 inches above the lower roof surface, the parapet must not extend less than 30 inches above the lower roof surface. Todays digital control systems, with built-in intelligence, more accurately evaluate water and system conditions and adjust pump operation to meet the desired water flow and pressure conditions. (d) All waivers shall be published in the Federal Register and shall state their effective date. Earth Sciences, Ecology, Environmental Research Across Disciplines, Law, Health Sciences, Medicine, Nursing, Physician Assistant, Public Health, Economics, Government, History, Political Science. (20) ASTM D3311-92, Standard Specification for Drain, Waste, and Vent (DWV) Plastic Fittings Patterns, IBR approved for 3280.604(b). (2) Except as permitted pursuant to paragraph (e) of this section, in rooms with peaked sloping ceilings with a slope of more than 1.5/12, smoke alarms must be mounted on the ceiling within 3 feet, measured horizontally, from the peak of the ceiling; at least 4 inches, measured vertically, below the peak of the ceiling; and at least 4 inches from any projecting structural element. An essential, unique collection of American Jazz periodicals, of great importance to any lover of jazz and its history, and a primary source reference and research tool. (6) Water conservation. (i) Riser height and tread depth. (2) Nameplate amperes for motors and heater loads (exhaust fans, air conditioners, electric, gas, or oil heating). The requirements of this section shall govern the installation of all fuel gas piping attached to any manufactured home. (e) Registers and grilles. Factory constructed or site-built attached garages. (e) Air supply ducts within ceiling cavity. Foam plastic thermal insulating materials shall not be used within the cavity of walls (not including doors) or ceilings or be exposed to the interior of the home unless: (1) The foam plastic insulating material is protected by an interior finish of 516-inch thick gypsum board or equivalent material for all cavities where the material is to be installed; or. Ability to save articles to personal lists, Sharing articles and lists with the Northeastern community, Up to 20 "gift" articles per month that can be shared with non-subscribers. Each record also has a link to the Table of Contents (TOC) for the issue in which the article is published. Where a fuel-burning appliance is located within a bedroom or its attached bathroom, a carbon monoxide alarm must be installed within the bedroom and in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions. Vitreous China Plumbing Fixtures - ANSI/ASME A112.19.2(M)-1990. [53], The body has several thermal adjustment mechanisms to survive in drastic temperature environments. (i) Clothes washing machines shall drain either into a properly vented trap, into a laundry tub tailpiece with watertight connections, into an open standpipe receptor, or over the rim of a laundry tub. Each cleanout fitting shall open in a direction opposite to the flow or at right angles to the pipe. The percentage error vs the observations was found to be less than 0.5% over the temperature range of 035C (Langlois 1967). (1) Envelope penetrations. [57] Seniors prefer warmer temperatures than young adults (76 vs 72 degrees F or 24.4 vs 22.2 Celsius).[53]. The certification shall be at operating static pressure of 0.3 inches of water or greater. (hh) Underwriters' Laboratories, Inc. (UL), 333 Pfingsten Road, Northbrook, IL 60062, telephone number 847-272-8800, fax number 847-509-6257, Web site: http://www.ul.com. (h) A corrosion resistant water drip collection and drain pan must be installed under each water heater that will allow water leaking from the water heater to drain to the exterior of the manufactured home, or to a drain. Water distribution system means potable water piping within or permanently attached to the manufactured home. (2) Other material, conforming to ASTM C920-02, Standard Specification for Elastomeric Joint Sealants (incorporated by reference, see 3280.4), and to ASTM D4635-01, Standard Specification for Polyethylene Films Made from Low-Density Polyethylene for General Use and Packaging Applications (incorporated by reference, see 3280.4). Handrails must not project more than 412 inches on either side of the stairway and the minimum clear width of the stairway at and below the handrail height, including treads and landings, must not be less than 3112 inches where a handrail is installed on one side and 27 inches where handrails are provided on both sides. J. Appl. As configuration changes may alter the classification of a particular firearm, the user bears sole responsibility for determining the correct application of state and federal law. (3) Drain connector. (xiii) Article 440, IBR approved for 3280.805(a). Eave or cornice projection loads are applied separately for eaves or cornice projections greater than 12 inches. The material and design of vent fittings shall conform to the type of piping used. (25) ANSI Z124.3-1986, Plastic Lavatories with Addendum Z124.3a-1990, IBR approved for 3280.604(b). Tubing runs with larger numbers of bend and/or fittings shall be increased by an equivalent length of tubing according to the following equation: L = 1.3n, where L is actual length (ft) of tubing and n is the number of additional fittings and/or bends. (2) If a warm air appliance is installed within an enclosure to conform to 3280.709(d)(2), each warm-air outlet and each return air inlet shall extend to the exterior of the enclosure. rated capacity which are certified in accordance with the appropriate Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Institute Standards. All design, construction, and workmanship shall be in conformance with accepted engineering practices and shall be of such character as to secure the results sought to be obtained by this standard. For trusses tested in the inverted position, continue to load the truss to 2.50 times the net uplift load in paragraph (d)(3)(i) for Wind Zone I and to 2.0 times the uplift load minus the dead load in paragraph (d)(3)(ii) for Wind Zones II and III, and maintain the full load for one minute. Such fixture may operate automatically through one or more of the following actions: A time cycle, a temperature range, a pressure range, a measured volume or weight, or the fixture may be manually adjusted or controlled by the user or operator. The following areas are deemed to be within Wind Zone II of the Basic Wind Zone Map: Local governments: The following local governments listed by State (counties, unless specified otherwise): Florida: All counties except those identified in paragraph (c)(1)(i)(C) of this section as within Wind Zone III. (1) Traps required. (z) National Fenestration Rating Council (NFRC), 6305 Ivy Lane, Suite 140, Greenbelt, MD 20770, telephone number 301-589-1776, fax number 301-589-3884, Web site: http://www.nfrc.org. Handrails with a noncircular cross section must have a perimeter dimension of at least 4 inches and not more than 614 inches (with a maximum cross-section dimension of not more than 214 inches). Upon completion, the collection contains 4,306 titles totaling 1,301 hours of teaching demonstrations, lectures, documentaries, and primary-source footage of students and teachers in actual classrooms. 3535(d), 5403, and 5424. A door or panel of sufficient size must be installed to provide access to the pump for repair or replacement. (9) IAPMO TSC 22-85, Standard for Porcelain Enameled Formed Steel Plumbing Fixtures, IBR approved for 3280.604(b). The drain connection for each water closet shall be 3 inches minimum inside diameter and shall be fitted with an iron, brass, or listed plastic floor flange adaptor ring securely screwed, soldered or otherwise permanently attached to the drain piping, in an approved manner and securely fastened to the floor. .100 mph. (2) A venting system consisting entirely of listed components, including roof jack, installed in accordance with the terms of the appliance listing and the appliance manufacturer's instructions. Risers must be vertical or sloped from the underside of the leading edge of the tread above at an angle not more than 30 degrees from the vertical. For snow loads, such requirements must be based on a roof snow load of 0.6 of the ground snow load for areas exposed to wind and a roof snow load of 0.8 of the ground snow load for sheltered areas. Plumbing Requirements for Residential Use (Household) Dishwashers - ASSE 1006, (ASSE/ANSI-1986). The thermal sensitivity of an individual is quantified by the descriptor FS, which takes on higher values for individuals with lower tolerance to non-ideal thermal conditions. (22) Fitting means an accessory, such as a locknut, bushing, or other part of a wiring system, that is intended primarily to perform a mechanical rather than an electrical function. Tabata, S., 1973: A simple but accurate formula for the saturation vapor pressure over liquid water. The cap or plug shall be permanently attached to the manufactured home or drain outlet. (2) For anchoring systems, the instructions shall indicate: (i) The minimum anchor capacity required; (ii) That anchors should be certified by a professional engineer, architect, or a nationally recognized testing laboratory as to their resistance, based on the maximum angle of diagonal tie and/or vertical tie loading (see paragraph (c)(3) of this section) and angle of anchor installation, and type of soil in which the anchor is to be installed; (iii) That ground anchors are to be embedded below the frost line, unless the foundation system is frost-protected in accordance with 3285.312(b) and 3285.404 of the Model Manufactured Home Installation Standards in this chapter. (1) SAE-J533b-1992, Flares for Tubing, IBR approved for 3280.703 and 3280.705(f). The adaptive hypothesis predicts that contextual factors, such as having access to environmental controls, and past thermal history can influence building occupants' thermal expectations and preferences. 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