[26], The tourism and hospitality sector has particularly suffered. This flourished until the American Civil War in 1861 cut off the supplies of raw cotton; the industry never recovered. [68], Banking in Scotland has a long history, beginning with the creation of the Bank of Scotland in Edinburgh in 1695, and expanding greatly to support the trading developments of the 18th and 19th centuries. Something went wrong, please try again later. We will also need strong interconnections to our European neighbours - ensuring that Scottish renewable generation has access to as wide a market as possible and helping to meet demand and supporting network operation when required. [citation needed] German sociologist Max Weber credited the Calvinist "Protestant Ethic", involving hard work and a sense of divine predestination and duty, for the entrepreneurial spirit of the Scots. See the action weve taken as a result of this fact check. The Scottish Government plans to decarbonise the gas supply by 2030 by substituting natural gas with hydrogen. There are a number of roles that transmission infrastructure can play. Agriculture, especially cropping in Scotland, is highly mechanised and generally efficient. [52], Historically Scotland's export trade was based around animal hides and wool. The UK has been a big producer of gas since the mid-1960s, but the amount produced has fallen since . Costco gets their gas from the Russia-Alaska-Yukon-British Columbia-Keystone MegaXXXL pipeline, piped straight to each Costco warehouse from Vlad's private stock. A 20% hydrogen mix across Scotland, supplied from low carbon sources, could provide decarbonised heat equivalent to the demand of around 280,000 homes. Despite their new status as citizens of the United Kingdom, it took many decades for Scottish traders to gain a noticeable foothold in the colonial markets which had long been dominated by English merchants and concerns. The majority of these smaller generators are distribution connected, meaning that we need to change the way we plan and operate the distribution networks as well as reviewing the interface between distribution and transmission. Our vision for the gas networks requires the following: Gas remains the largest provider of heat in Scotland - connecting around 83% of domestic customers in 2016, delivering around 33% of total energy including 66% of all domestic energy. Fight climate change choose greener energy [48] The heavy industries based around shipbuilding and locomotives went into severe decline after the Second World War.[49]. Alcohol Alert Podcast Alcohol Alert - October 2021 seventy-nine Alcohol Alert - October 2022. Shipbuilding reached a peak in the early 20th century, especially during the Great War, but quickly went into a long downward slide when the war ended. Oil and gas exploration and exploitation has been a major activity in Scottish offshore waters since the late 1960s. Where does Ireland gets its gas from? Scotch whisky exports to the US during 2020 "fell by 32%" from the previous year. [50] It is also one of the UK's overall top five manufacturing export earners and it supports around 35,000 jobs. Households across the UK are threatened by the prospect of a sharp increase in their energy bills - raising concerns that many people could be plunged into fuel poverty. However, the large capital investment involved in these projects mean that developers need to have confidence that there will be sufficient revenues available for the ancillary and system services they provide over years or decades. [74] Standard Life, based in Edinburgh, demutualised and has remained independent. Oil, when related to a proportion of GDP is not regarded as a crucial factor in the stability of Scotlands economy. In 2019 Scotland produced 15% of the UK's electricity, but only used 10% of it, while . Glasgow is the fourth-largest manufacturing centre in the UK, accounting for well over 60% of Scotland's manufactured exports. Energy companies arent getting 91p for every 1 they invest in green energy, Sky News screenshot linking vaccines with climate change is a fake, Social media posts claim ethanol is being added to petrol to increase sales, Private jet pictures arent from Davos climate change conference this year. [28], Some travel restrictions were loosened in England on 12 April 2021, but not yet in Scotland. The Scottish Government has introduced the Scottish Welfare Fund[108] to lessen the impact of cuts to social security benefits. In 2019, renewables accounted for 61% of electricity generated in Scotland, nuclear 25%, and gas and oil 13%. Similarly asset servicing on behalf of fund managers has become an increasingly important component of the financial services industry in Scotland, with Scottish-based companies providing expertise in securities servicing, investment accounting, performance measurement, trustee and depositary services and treasury services. More detail on these aspects will be included within our Annual Energy Statement published later this year. Terminology common to both systems are 'state schools' for publicly funded education and 'independent schools'. The Scottish railway networks were built in the Victorian era by private investors, primarily for the movement of goods, such as coal. The captured CO2 will be transported using existing redundant pipes to North Sea gas fields for storage. By 2030 electricity networks will be smarter, flexible and more efficient, while our gas network will have evolved to deliver lower carbon gas through the existing pipes - based on a new and detailed understanding of its role in decarbonising the energy system. This project also highlighted the need to stimulate the growth of hydrogen hubs, where Steam Methane Reforming and CCUS capabilities, or the use of large scale renewable generation combined with hydrolysis, are developed to supply the hydrogen. In fact, the Scottish Government estimates that, in 2020, 56% of the electricity consumed in Scotland came from renewable sources, 30% from nuclear and 13% from fossil fuels. This creates new challenges for operating the system in a stable way. identifying and recognising the value that the gas network provides to the broader energy system, including the flexibility it provides; partial and increasing decarbonisation of the gas in the network between now and the end of the 2020s through the introduction of low carbon gases such as biomethane and hydrogen; and. Scotlands electricity consumption than in England and Wales. The UK's reliance on Russian gas is far less significant, at just 3 per cent. Comprised of five giant turbines, the blades of these mammoth offshore generators are being propelled by Scotland's fierce North Sea wind. For example, the existing standards limit the percentage of hydrogen allowed in the gas network to 0.1% by volume, well below what is allowed in other European countries. Waverley Road murder probe live updates as man stabbed to death in Small Heath home, Footage posted online showed a major emergency services presence, Birmingham mum says boob job saved her life - by pushing cancer lump to surface. We think that the locational value that new power stations, demand-response projects battery storage projects and others can provide across a range of services, needs to be taken much more into account. What Ofgem's price cap means for you as bills soar. Many Scots became soldiers, returning home after 20 years with their pension and skills.[23]. [61], Silicon Glen is the phrase that was used to describe the growth and development of Scotland's hi-tech and electronics industries in the Central Belt through the 1980s and 1990s, analogous to the larger concentration of hi-tech industries in Silicon Valley, California. In 2017, Ofgem funded the H21 project[11] to assess the suitability of converting the gas distribution networks to transport 100% hydrogen. Norwegian production of natural gas covers also only covers 3 percent of global demand, however, as an exporter Norway is a significant country. British Gas renewables. Many roads in the Highlands are single track, with passing places. Scotland also has seaports are: Clydeport, Hunterston Ore Terminal, Grangemouth, Port of Dundee, Port of Aberdeen, and Port of Inverness however there are significant ports at Scapa Flow, Sullom Voe and Flotta. Our Vision: by 2030 there will have been the necessary substantial investment in new capacity for our electricity networks, including transmission links to our island groups and new undersea cables linking to the rest of Britain between Scotland, England and Wales. Chart 9: Emissions Displaced by Scotland's Renewables Electricity Output 2009-2019. [62], Scotland builds around 21,000 to 22,000 new homes per year, about 1% of its existing dwelling stock. The figures below, noting the economic position of Scottish regions in terms of GDP and GDP per capita, come from Eurostat (2013) and are denoted in Euros. Figure 3: Gas injected into the National Transmission Network (NTS) at St. Fergus meets a substantial fraction of total British demand for gas. Scottish Crude Oil 18 Month High as of 6th April 2010 Brent Crude peaks at $86.63 a barrel Experts calculate how much the Scottish Sea bed is worth more Scotland's Oil Wealth that Westminster have hidden from the Scot's. This could also support efficient cross-network decarbonisation, if the same locations were suitable for injecting hydrogen into the gas network. Investment decisions must take full account of Scottish Government and local authority policies and priorities. In 2019 the NOA assessment specifically identified the need for two reinforcements of at least 2 GW each. Gas containing 329 TWh of energy, with an estimated wholesale market value of 5 billion, was injected into the National Transmission network at St. Fergus during 2017. Renewables still account for far more of Scotland's electricity consumption than in England and Wales. There is a clear separation of responsibility of the powers of both the UK government and the devolved Scottish Government in relation to the formulation and execution of national economic policy as it affects Scotland this is set out under Section 5 of the Scotland Act 1998. You can change your cookie settings at any time. High oil prices have resulted in a resurgence of oil exploration, specifically in the North East Atlantic basin to the west of Shetland and the Outer Hebrides, in areas that were previously considered marginal and unprofitable. Scotland is a net exporter of electricity to other parts of the UK. National Insurance rates and bands are reserved as is the National Insurance Fund. In terms of mineral resources, Scotland produces coal, zinc, iron and oil shale. Other aspects of economic and fiscal policies remain a matter for Westminster - including currency, corporate tax, energy policy, foreign policy. The iron industry expanded tenfold between 1830 and 1844. We are in the early stages of a shift from Distribution Network Operators (DNOs) to Distribution System Operators - the 'DSO transition' (see Box 5). Constraints on these networks - areas where there isn't enough available capacity - mean that new customers (consumers, generators and increasingly energy storage providers) often can't connect without paying large costs for new capacity that may end up rarely being used. The Labour MP Stephanie Peacock accused the government of leaving the UK "vulnerable" to crisis and called on Kwarteng to admit that the closure of the country's main gas storage site off . Natural gas in Ireland is currently supplied by a combination of domestic production and imports via pipeline from Scotland. This is not correct. Just short of 100% of all the electricity Scotland uses is from renewable sources. Our electricity system is changing radically. 'Public' schools in England offered their services openly (to the public) rather than running under the patronage of the Church. As well as pushing incremental decarbonisation, companies will continue to invest in the network, both to maintain the service it provides and to connect new customers. Grangemouth is the only port with a railway connection with W12 gauge clearance; allowing for intermodal containers to be transported by rail. Scots law has 'Delict' rather than 'tort' law, and no legal concept of equity. She was eventually diagnosed with grade two invasive lobular breast cancer at the beginning of December. [citation needed]. There are a number of reasons why theres been a gas shortage in recent months. The case for investment, reinforcement and potential expansion of network infrastructure will be influenced by several factors. More specifically, we need to update our Gas Quality Standards, and the way in which customers are billed for the gas that comes through the networks. Fish and shellfish such as herring, crab, lobster, haddock and cod are landed at ports such as Peterhead, the biggest white fish port in Europe, Fraserburgh, the biggest shellfish port in Europe, Stornoway, Lerwick and Oban. As a consequence of the Act of Union Scotland's established trade with France and the Low Countries was cut off abruptly. The Scottish and UK governments are working closely together, and collaborating with industry, to ensure that we are in a position to make informed decisions during the 2020s. Since the Acts of Union 1707, Scotland's economy has been closely aligned with the economy of the rest of the United Kingdom (UK), and England has historically been its main trading partner. New and disruptive technologies and innovations could also emerge, providing alternative and faster routes to a decarbonised future. Delivering these requires Ofgem to approve a 'needs case' from the Transmission Owner which lays out the costs and benefits that the link will bring, both to the islands and across the British system. Around 18% of this was used to meet Scottish demand, with the rest exported (11% to Ireland and 71% to England). Suggesting that near 100% of electricity used in Scotland is from renewable sources would be true if Scotland used all its renewable electricity and only exported non-renewable. [citation needed], Although North Sea oil production has been declining since 1999, an estimated 920 million tonnes of recoverable crude oil remained in 2009. In common with most other advanced industrialised economies, Scotland has seen a decline in the importance of both manufacturing industries and primary-based extractive industries. The gas market is crucial to the UK's energy supply because of its significance in heating, industry and power generation. The same year, roughly a third . The rest is made up of. Privacy, terms and conditions. Water for residential properties is not metered in Scotland. Around 47% of the UK's gas supply now comes from across Europe - predominantly Norway, Netherlands, Belgium, and Russia - through long distance pipelines. We appreciate that there are still uncertainties in play. The biggest plantations and timber resources are to be found in Dumfries and Galloway, Tayside, Argyll and the Scottish Highlands. For example, many of the decarbonising technologies and approaches which we are likely to rely upon aren't yet technically or commercially mature. The capacity of the electricity transmission network to move power around the country represents one dimension of its role in delivering a secure electricity system. [107], Since the Devolution Referendum of 1997, in which the Scottish electorate voted for devolution, a Scottish Parliament was reconvened under the Scotland Act 1998 and is considered to be a devolved national, unicameral legislature of Scotland. Since 1979, management of the UK economy (including Scotland) has followed a broadly laissez-faire approach. The Scottish Government also commissions the Caledonian Sleeper franchise, providing overnight sleeper services to London. Toward the end of the 19th century steel production largely replaced iron production. Coleen Rooney vs Rebekah Vardy Wagatha Christie trial West End play casting announced. Gas is used across much of the UK for cooking and domestic heating - which also transitioned away from coal over the second half of the 20th century. Several universities are playing an important role by producing research in Computing Science, including the University of Edinburgh's School of Informatics. So why exactly is there a gas shortage, and why now? Innovative aggregator companies such as Edinburgh based Flexitricity are leading development in this field, helping businesses to get value from providing flexibility to the System Operator. Chapter 2: Developing the network Infrastructure. Last year, our total revenue from the North Sea was just 0.2 billion - 300 miles to the north east, to Norway and Stavanger, the country's oil twin with Aberdeen producing almost exactly the . We will have numerous in-depth articles and presentations on funding in the Knowledgebase in due course. Our local authorities will need the support and cooperation of the network companies as they develop their LHEES, with those companies using their knowledge of these strategies to adapt and improve their own investment plans and decisions. Norway produces its gas. Some 3.4% comes from Russia and the remainder from global LNG markets, particularly Qatar. The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of Scotland in 2013 was $248.5billion including revenue generated from North Sea oil and gas. In 2006, Scotland produced 28% of Europe's PCs; more than seven per cent of the world's PCs; and 29% of Europe's notebooks. However some of these Scottish exports to the rest of the UK will feed into supply chains elsewhere in the rest of the UK and in turn, underpin the export of subsequent goods and services internationally.". Click to enlarge. This graph shows the NTS linepack capacity used each day to help balance supply and demand. developing the evidence about the technical feasibility and cost effectiveness of converting the gas networks to supply 100% hydrogen. According to Eurostat, in 2020, imports from Russia made up 39% of the gas used in the EU, 23% of oil imports and 46% of coal . Scotland aims to be 'net-zero' by 2045. In the longer term, it may be feasible and cost effective to use the gas networks to deliver 100% hydrogen to some or all connected areas. The European Union gets a quarter of its gas from Russia, 80 per cent of it via Ukraine. Scotland is a well-developed tourist destination with attractions ranging from unspoilt countryside, mountains and abundant history. This could lead to new and local markets in flexibility - where consumers can offer to reduce their demand, or generators and energy storage operators increase or reduce their generation, to keep the network safe. Oil was discovered in the North Sea in 1966, with the first year of full production taking place in 1976. The home building industry in Scotland directly and indirectly contributed around 5billion to the Scottish economy in 2006 about 2% of GDP greater than that of higher profile industries such as agriculture, fishing, electronics and tourism. Millions in UK could get 1,500 backdated payment added to bank account. The rest is made up of imports of liquefied natural gas (LNG) transported to the UK by sea from countries such as Qatar and the US. Scotland's energy networks are already beginning to incorporate new and innovative market platforms for matching local supply and demand, as well as pioneering active network management approaches, and the introduction of decentralised, low carbon gas producers. Scotland's public education system mostly follows comprehensive education principles, with two major types of public school; non-denominational schools, and denominational schools. They added text underneath the video on their website but this did not explain that Nicola Sturgeon made an incorrect claim in the video. Their output is also uncertain, meaning that we need back up that is flexible and able to respond quickly to changing conditions.