While it, may have simply been a sign that the suspected witch was illiterate or, nervous, any errors were viewed as proof that the speaker was in league with, the devil. As part of the infamous swimming test, accused witches were dragged to the nearest body of water, stripped to their undergarments, bound and then tossed in to to see if they would sink or float. Some tests they used were: 1. She was also accused of having her own self-interests after getting remarried and trying to gain control over her sons inheritance from her first marriage. The test was that this teat would be pricked with a needle, and if the recipient didnt bleed or feel it, then surely there was a witch in our midst. Martha Carrier also had two children that she was forced to leave behind: Thomas 10, and Sarah 8. This superstition came from the Cartesian Doctrine of Effluvia, which logically was prescribed as a document of medical fact. During the Salem Witch Trials, George Burroughs recited the prayer flawlessly from the gallows just before The Big Drop. In both cases, it was easy for even the most minor physical imperfections to be labeled as the work of the devil himself. She was also a very active member of their children, and was very well-liked and respected. 0% average accuracy. If the pup fell under its spell and exhibited the same symptoms as the victim (say, biting or barking at the moon), inappropriate hocus-pocus was proven. According to this logic, an innocent person would sink like a stone, but a witch would simply bob on the surface. . Puritan belief was that women were inherently sinful, and had a higher chance of being tempted to damnation opposed to men. According to Mark Podvia (see Timeline, PDF), the General Court of the Massachusetts Bay Colony adopted the following statute in 1641: "If any man or woman be a WITCH, that is, hath or consulteth with a familiar spirit, they shall be put to death. 0% average accuracy. This is also an effective means to brainwash someone into believing a lie, anything to make the inhumanity cease. This custom was banned in many European counties in the Middle Ages, only to reemerge in the 17th century as a witch experiment, and it persisted in some locales well into the 18th century. 8th - 9th . brittanybecker. Salem Witch Trials. One Brit, Matthew Hopkins, was actually given the moniker Witch Finder General. Seriously. An accused "witch" in the Salem witch trials. The victim typically had a rope tied around their waist so they, could be pulled from the water if they sank, but it wasnt unusual for accidental, Witch swimming derived from the trial by water, an ancient practice where, suspected criminals and sorcerers were thrown into rushing rivers to allow a, higher power to decide their fate. THE WITCH TESTS WERE NEARLY IMPOSSIBLE TO PASS. Others wielded specially designed needles sharp on one end, blunted on the other. It was all for naught. Answer: Arthur Miller's The Crucible (1953) used the events and individuals from the Salem witch trials as an allegory for the anticommunist hearings led by U.S . There was no favorable result in this test; essentially the alleged witch would be bound at the hands and feet with heavy rocked attached and thrown into a body of water. Welcome to the Knowledge Mouse Online Quiz Salem Witch Trials EXTRA CREDIT Choose a quiz style: One-pass quiz Random, endless quiz Learning quiz - learn and practice all at once. . That cinched it: Suttons hands and feet were bound together, then with men on either side of the pond holding opposite ends of the rope, she was tossed into the muck. Sure, it sounds like something from an episode of The Food Networks Halloween Wars. But witch cake was actually a confection whipped up to suss out Satan followers. Cotton Mather, an influential Puritan minister in 17th-century New England, defended the prayer test as one of the most reliable ways to detect a witch, according to a letter he sent to a judge: The group of 'bewitched' young girls at the heart of the trials were kept in isolation at the . Salem Witch Trials Memorial: Prayer Tokens - See 1,985 traveler reviews, 891 candid photos, and great deals for Salem, MA, at Tripadvisor. There was no favorable result in this test; essentially the alleged witch would be bound at the hands and feet - with heavy rocked attached - and thrown into a body of water. For example, in 1710, the swimming test was used as evidence against a Hungarian woman named Dorko Boda, who was later beaten and burned at the stake as a witch. If the accused is able to recite the Lord's Prayer without mistake then the accused is innocent. The suspect might also be subjected to scratching by their so-called victims. The touch test worked on the idea that victims of sorcery would have a special reaction to physical contact with their evildoer. Other villagers would get into heated arguments which would often turn physical, simply over their opinions regarding the feud. The two women were brought in for a meeting and examination with John Hathorne and Jonathon Corwin. The Devil was linked to sin, and anything that brought happiness or pleasure was seen as giving into The Devils temptations. Edit. Employing some sneaky manual dexterity, the pricker would use the sharp end to poke certain parts of the body, causing pain, then secretly switch to the blunt end, and have a go at the alleged witchs mark. These included poppets (a voodoo doll of sorts through which spells could be cast), cauldrons full of ointments, and books on palm reading and horoscopes. Some carried hollow wooden handles and retractable points, which would give the appearance of an accused witchs flesh being penetrated without leaving a mark, nor causing bleeding or pain. Abigail, Deliverance, and Mary, all confessed and started making accusations against other alleged accomplices, which caused the arrests of Sarah Wildes, William Hobbs (Father of Abigail and husband of Deliverance), Nehemiah Abbott Jr, Mary Eastey (sister of Cloyce and Nurse), Mary English, Edward Bishop Jr, and his wife, Sarah Bishop. According to this logic, an innocent person would sink like a stone, but a witch would simply bob on, the surface. In cases of mysterious illness or possession, witch-hunters would take a sample of the victims urine, mix it with rye-meal and ashes and bake it into a cake. Other people would also utter the words to act as a control, and judges would then gauge whether the statements had any effect on the victims condition. Elizabeth Howe (age late 50s): Accused of cursing her neighbor and their live-stock. Im not sure if this was a thing in Europe, but in Salem, another punishment along with death was that the government would take all of your land and fortune, even if you had a family. Cullender and Denny were both later hanged as witches. ), Some witnesses would confess to actually seeing the alleged witches practicing their black magic, which was enough to tattoo guilt all over them. This is said to be because all the venom and assorted evil toxins (stemming from the witchs eye) that originally addled the afflicted soul have returned to their evil host. The accused would have to read the lord's prayer and . Jamie founded Listverse due to an insatiable desire to share fascinating, obscure, and bizarre facts. Photo by jjandames CC BY 2.0. On March 23, 1692, a warrant was issued for the arrest of four-year-old Dorothy Good of Salem Village on "suspition of acts of Witchcraft.". 2, by William Cullen Bryant (1878). Right answers. How many people were afflicted? The finished dish was fed to a dog (pooches were thought to be the canine cohorts of witches). Played 0 times. Other differences between European and Salem Witch Trials were that NO one was burned at the stake in Salem. Also having flying broomsticks, talking black cats, and pointy hats would be instant red flags (at least in the Harry Potter universe). Bound Submersion. (When it was later thrown out, the conviction rate decline severely and hastened the trials conclusion. What comes immediately to min. SPECTRAL EVIDENCE WAS USED HEAVILY IN COURT. Explain whether or not you believe an historic event like The Salem Witch Trials could occur in contemporary society. Sarah Good was accused due to her reputation of scolding children too harshly and often muttering angrily under her breath. Preview this quiz on Quizizz. The puritans that didnt want to live by the way of the Roman Catholic church, most of which were families, left England and made their way over to America and formed the Massachusetts Bay Colony, and became known as the American Puritans. This twisted test of public speaking ability was commonly used as hard evidence in witch trials. But the young girls who attended the trial were known to scream and writhe on the floor in the middle of the test. More than two hundred people were accused. Margaret Scott (age late 70s): A widow who begged to support herself, lost several children during infancy. Many accusations stemmed from the belief that a death or illness had been caused by witchcraft, which upon filing with a magistrate and being deemed credible would lead to an arrest. The girls STILL proceeded to unclench their fists when touched, which showed the girls were faking. 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If an afflicted person throwing fits and the like suddenly becomes calm after the accused places their hand on him/her, then the toucher is most certainly a witch. Fifty-four confessed"if you confessed, you could save your life," Brown says. This twisted test of public speaking ability was commonly used as, hard evidence in witch trials. Also having flying broomsticks, talking black cats, and pointy hats would be instant red flags (at least in the Harry Potter universe). Rhetoric is only as potent as its source material - this is why any allusion to the Salem Witch Trials of 1692 is so effective. Salem witch trials - tests of guilt. Martha Corey (age 72): Highly respected woman of the community. But wouldnt you know it: Whenever either of the older women touched the girls, their hands sprang open. 7th - 8th grade . Match. The touch test was most famously employed during the Salem witch trials of 1692. One of the wild things about these trials was that most people who confessed were allowed to live. Tituba, a slave in the Parris household, whipped up the dastardly dessert and fed it to the family dog. Lord's Prayer - If a person could not recite the Lord's Prayer . Martha Corey is one of the most famous victims in the Witch Trials due to being such a prominent woman in the local community. Battle of Myonessus 190 BCE. Not so fast, said the court. Learn on the go with our new app. The judge or judges asks the accused to recite the Lord's Prayer, hence the name The Lord's Prayer test. The brew failed to work, and Titubas supposed knowledge of spells and folk remedies was later used as evidence against her when she was accused of being a witch. If youve ever heard the expression cold as a witchs teat, now you know the origin: the aforementioned teat corresponded to any kind of mole or unusual skin blemish which all witches (and frankly most humans) are characterized to have. Play this game to review English. If the girl didnt react, all was good; but if she became calm, it was proof that the suspect had placed them under a spell. They believed that a possessed person would either not draw any blood or much blood, so they would constantly prick multiple areas of the body until they got the results they were looking for. The girls unclenched their fists anyway, which suggested they were faking, but even this was not enough to prove the womens innocence. 8th - 9th grade . During the Salem Witch Trials, the accused sorcerer George Burroughs flawlessly recited the prayer from the gallows just before his execution. Theres a lot of factors that went into why the Witch Trials occurred, ranging between racism, lack of medical knowledge, and discrimination due to gender and social status. Salem Witch Trials Review. Within the next week Giles Corey, Abigail Hobbs, Bridget Bishop, Mary Warren, and Deliverance Hobbs (stepmother of Abigail Hobbs) were all arrested and examined. Suttons young son, for whatever reason, accused his mom of being witch. Elizabeth Proctor was supposed to be executed along with her husband, John Proctor, but was ultimately delayed and kept in prison so she could give birth to her baby. What comes immediately to mind is the hideous and completely unfound legal proceedings based mostly on superstition, irrational paranoia, Puritanism-fueled mass hysteria, and deceptionwhich resulted in 19 wrongful executions, each one hanged, burned, or drowned for some ill-fated finger-pointing. Were they lackeys of Lucifer or innocent victims? Terrified villagers would sometimes attempt to cut off or burn any suspicious marks, only to have their wounds pointed to as proof of a pact with the Prince of Darkness. Here are ten ways their verdict was ascertained: In this voodoo-inspired test, the ingredients of said cake were rye meal and urine from the girls said to be afflicted by the witchs evil incantations. Flashcards. Rachel Clinton was arrested due to offenses unrelated to the girls in Salem Village. and urine from the girls said to be afflicted by the witch's evil incantations. Fanciful representation of the Salem witch trials, lithograph from 1892. Love podcasts or audiobooks? Tituba was the very first person who was accused of witchcraft, by Ann Putnam Jr. Quiz. Witches were believed to have rebuffed the Christian sacrament of baptism, so it was thought that water would "reject" them, forcing them to float to the surface like an inflatable pool toy whereas, the innocent would sink helplessly to the depths below. When the possessed girl immediately snapped out of her suffering, Samuels, along with her daughter and husband, were found guilty and strung up as witches. If the victims condition improved, the supposed tormentor was toast. Salem Witch Trials Quiz: questions and answers - 3 / 4 kupidonia.com. The trial of George Jacobs, Salem witch trial. Wikimedia Commons. This left little margin for error and any stumbling of words could be construed as evidence of the accused's guilt. Even so, this wasnt enough to save the necks of Cullender and Denny, who were hung as witches. Course Hero uses AI to attempt to automatically extract content from documents to surface to you and others so you can study better, e.g., in search results, to enrich docs, and more. 1. During the proceedings, judges forced the Samuels to demand that the devil release the girls from their spell by stating, As I am a witchso I charge the devil to let Mistress Throckmorton come out of her fit at this present. When the possessed girls immediately recovered, the Samuels were found guilty and hanged as witches. Barbara Stepko is a New Jersey-based freelance editor and writer who has contributed to AARP magazine and the Wall Street Journal. The Salem Witch Trials Page contains information and court transcripts dealing with the events and persons of this tragedy. If they made an error, they were a witch. Mary Parker (age unknown): Claims to have been arrested due to mistaken identity. Still, even a successful prayer test didn't guarantee an acquittal. c. 1871. While it may have simply been a sign that the suspected witch was illiterate or nervous, any errors were viewed as proof that the speaker was in league with the devil. 5 Lord's Prayer Test This was a literal test of faith. Still, even a successful prayer test didnt guarantee an acquittal. Salem Witch Trials DRAFT. The practice was apparently a well-known folk practice in English culture of the time. A Word of Caution Salem Witchcraft Trials Prayer Test Salem Witch Trial A common misconception is that those practicing "magical" witchcraft are witches. Answers will appear in a new window. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like what year did the salem witch trials occur?, in what european countries had massive witch hunts been occurring for already 300 years?, what region of america did the witch hunts happen? The argument against this was that the Devil could take any shape, while the counter-argument was that the Devil could not inhabit an individuals body without their permission. It was banned in many European countries during the middle ages, but was brought back during the 17th century for the infamous Witch Hunts. Susannah Martin (age 70): Was an impoverished widow, and was accused and exonerated of witchcraft previously. The cake would then be fed to a dog, and if the dog portrayed the same symptoms as the accused, the accused would be deemed a witch. Most of the accused in Salem were actually children and teenagers between the ages of 1220. There were a number of tests used to determine if a person was a witch: Touch test - The person afflicted with fits would become calm when touching the witch who cast the spell on them. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. "The Legend of Salem: The Rev. Along with pricking, the unfortunate suspect might also be subjected to scratching by their supposed victims. Tituba was an enslaved South American Indian woman from the West Indies who most likely became a target due to her ethnic differences compared to most of the other villagers. In 17th century colonial North America there was a strong belief that Satan was present on Earth. Supposedly, the possessed found relief for their unexplained ailments by scratching the person responsible, until they drew blood. The law of the Salem Witch Trials is a fascinating mix of biblical passages and colonial statutes. Test. If the recipient didnt bleed or feel pain, she was a cold and insensitive witch. First, the accused might be asked to pass a test, like reciting the Lord's Prayer. Moles, scars, birthmarks, sores, supernumerary nipples, and pretty much any skin condition that would send you to a dermatologist, fit the bill. Still, even a kick-ass performance didnt mean an accused witch was off the hook. The villagers of Salem Town were Puritans, and the Puritan religion started in England as a reformation in attempts to purify the church. According to the Malleus Maleficarum (1486), reciting the Lord's Prayer was one of a number of remedies guaranteed to drive away incubi and succubi and nullify bewitchments of men and beasts. Sometimes, they would even have the victims of the accused come in and scratch them. To ensure the reaction was genuine, judges had the children blindfolded and touched by other members of the court. . She was accused of attracting young girls with her stories of enchantment, regarding tales about sexual encounters with demons, swaying the minds of men, and fortune telling. Witch-hunters often had their suspects stripped and publically examined for signs of an unsightly blemish that witches were said to receive upon making their pact with Satan. George Burroughs (age early 40s): Previously the minister of Salem Village, arrested in Maine and brought back to Salem for trial. According to European lore, the prayer also helps ward off vampires. Historians believed that a major cause of the Witch Trials were due to a huge family feud between the Putnam and Porter families. Put to the test: Jane Wenham, accused of being a witch 1712, didnt exactly ace her audition stumbling over the phrases forgive us our trespasses and lead us not into temptation during her recitation and was dragged into court. Shortly afterwards two other children, Ann Putnam Jr (aged 12), and Elizabeth Hubbard were also acting in a similar way. Roger Toothaker (age 57): Farmer who also worked as a healer (doctor), was also likely tortured to death. 284 years later, it was proposed that the children were exhibiting symptoms of convulsive ergot poisoning. Save. Want to read all 5 pages? It was believed that witches were unable to recite the words of the scripture aloud, so the accused were told to quote parts of the Bible the Lords Prayer was a particular favorite. They also believed that the dog would specifically point out who the witch was. In total, between 144 and 185 people were accused of witchcraft. This seems simple enough. Related Video: 13 Victorian Vulgarities everyone should know: Another lose-lose proposition. Still, even a successful prayer test didn't guarantee an acquittal. They also said that this left a constant reminder in our minds about the importance of due process in the legal system, and the dangerous effects of premature panic and overreaction to mass hysteria situations. Photo by Jessolsen CC BY 4.0. Not much information about her. The concoction failed to work and Tituba was admonished for her attempted use of sorcery. If the body floated to the surface, that was proof, along some kind of whimsical lines, that the accused was indeed a witch (at which point theyd execute her by some other means). Researchers also recently found the execution site for the trials in 2016. The jury was mesmerized, but the judge, Sir John Powell at the Assize Court at Hertford, wasnt quite buying the whole witch thing. Taking place in both Europe and Salem. Others were accused of witchcraft in March: Martha Corey, Rebecca Nurse, Rachel Clinton, and Dorothy Good, the four year old child of Sarah Good. In Europe during the Witch Trials during the 15 and 1600s, witches who confessed were also either exiled or fined, but also not normally executed. Played 0 times. A Vindication of the Compleat History of Magik (1722) by English physician Richard Boulton. Sarah Osborne (age 49): One of the first three people accused, died before her trial could even take place. During the proceedings, Elizabeths Husband, John Proctor, stepped in to defend her, which led to his arrest that same day. How many people were formally charged with witchcraft? (When an accusation of flying was made, he noted, tongue firmly in cheek, that there was no law against it.) It was believed that only The Devil could allow these aspirations to appear, even in dreams, and the accused witches wouldve needed The Devils permission to be seen, therefore they mustve been a witch. . Hewitt, History Collection, January 6, 2019 Old drawing of the death of Giles Corey (September 19, 1692). Arrest warrants were sent out for 36 more people, while examinations for the following people were continuing in Salem Village: Sarah Dustina (Lydia Dustins daughter), Anne Sears, Bethiah Carter Sr and her daughter Bethiah Carter Jr, George Jacobs Sr, his grandaughter Margaret Jacobs, John Willard, Alice Parker, Anne Pudeator, Abigail Soames, George Jacobs Jr (son of George Jacobs Sr, and father of Margaret), Daniel Andrew, Rebecca Jacobs (wife of George Jacobs Jr, sister of Daniel), Sarah Buckley and her daughter Mary Witheridge. Witch Test Touch test - The person afflicted with fits would become calm when touching the witch who cast the spell on them. Salem witch trials, (June 1692-May 1693), in American history, a series of investigations and persecutions that caused 19 convicted "witches" to be hanged and many other suspects to be imprisoned in Salem Village in the Massachusetts Bay Colony (now Danvers, Massachusetts). Answer: The Salem witch trials occurred in Salem Village, Massachusetts Bay Colony (now Danvers, Massachusetts). They argue that the trials left a taboo mark in America about mixing religion with the government. All other people who were either waiting for their executions or in prison waiting for their trial were ultimately let go after the trials came to a permanent stop when Governor William Phipps wife was accused. Meaning anyone who had a mind of their own, or had basic human emotions or attractions were evil, and therefore, a witch. Called pressing, the subject is placed beneath heavy stones, meant to literally crush you into submission. In April, Sarah Cloyce (Rebeccas sister), and Elizabeth Proctor were arrested. As part of the infamous swimming test, accused witches were dragged to the, nearest body of water, stripped to their undergarments, bound and then, tossed them to see if they would sink or float. The Prayer Test. Please let us know what is wrong in the feedback boxes below. 0. The Prayer Test: The accused witch would be ordered to recite The Lords Prayer or a section of a scripture by memory. Terms in . Here is everything you need to know about the dark history that lurked the grounds of Salem Town. Was accused of taking the title, Queen of Hell.. 19 people were executed, 5 died in Witch Jail, and one man was tortured to death for refusing to give a plea. The Salem witch trials were a series of prosecutions in which over 200 people were accused of practicing witchcraft. Test. One of the most notorious cases of mass hysteria broke-out in Colonial Massachusetts, between February, 1692, and May, 1693. Put to the test: When 76-year-old Alice Samuels and her family were fingered for being behind fits afflicting Jane Throckmoroton and her four sisters, judges forced the elderly woman to demand that the devil release the Jane from her torture by announcing, As I am a witchso I charge the devil to let Mistress Throckmorton come out of her fit at this present., Read another story from us:House of Salem Man Hanged for Witchcraft Goes On Sale. Samuel Wardwell Sr (age 49): Arrested with his wife and daughter, and was executed after recanting a forced confession. 1. One might say, water was not a witchs friend. Those who didnt admit to being a witch and under heavy suspicion were usually induced to confess by way of torture. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! This caused her to be accused of not only conspiring with the witches, but also of being a witch herself. Much of the evidence used against the accused witches was spectral evidence, which was basically images and aspirations of the accused being seen by the afflicted, and the afflicted would claim that this aspiration inflicted a curse upon them. These exaggerated idiosyncrasies are what surrounded the fate of Grace Sherwood and the last witch trial in America. The girls would also complain about pain similar to being pricked with needles. The accused were almost always declared guilty, and in many cases, telling the truth and pleading innocent made things even worse. Question 25. Definition: These were the several different tests used to test the guilt of witches during the Salem witch trails. One method was dunking, in which the accused would be held under water repeatedly until they were successfully broken down. Ann Foster (age 75): Confessed after being accused by her daughter, who was also accused. Question: Which famous play tells the story of the Salem witch trials? 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