They live in terror. In November, 2020, just eleven months after he was awarded the Nobel, violence erupted in Tigray, a rebellious region in the north. The Angolan government bought six Mil Mi-17 from Ukraine in 1995. [104] In early February, Gaddafi, on behalf of the Jamahiriya, met with political activists, journalists and media figures and warned them that they would be held responsible if they disturbed the peace or created chaos in Libya. The big stories of 2011", "Libyan Opposition Declares 'Day of Rage' Against Gaddafi", "Anti-Government Protesters Killed in Libyan Clash", "Military Helicopters Reportedly Fire on Protesters in Libya", "POPULAR PROTEST IN NORTH AFRICA AND THE MIDDLE EAST (V): MAKING SENSE OF LIBYA. He specifically referred to substances in milk, coffee, and Nescaf, and said that Bin Laden and Al-Qaeda were distributing these hallucinogenic drugs. It erupted with the Libyan Revolution, also known as the 17 February Revolution. In 2015, the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM), announced a new military operation against Al Shabaab, for removing it in the last strong holds in Somalia. A large-scale battle took place between FLEC and police in Malongo on 14 May, in which 25 mortar rounds accidentally hit a nearby Chevron compound. "The Cuban Legacy in Africa.". 123, August/September 2006 mit Schwerpunktthema Angola, Deutsches Auswrtiges Amt zur Geschichte Angolas, Welt Online: Wie Castro die Revolution exportierte, The National Security Archive: Secret Cuban Documents on Africa Involvement, Dean Peter Krogh Foreign Affairs Digital Archive, 19471948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine, North Yemen-South Yemen Border conflict of 1972, Struggle against political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union, 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre, List of Eastern Bloc agents in the United States, American espionage in the Soviet Union and Russian Federation, United States involvement in regime change, Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War, ECOWAS military intervention in the Gambia, Sudanese conflict in South Kordofan and Blue Nile, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Angolan_Civil_War&oldid=1120589626, Civil wars involving the states and peoples of Africa, History of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Articles containing Portuguese-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2021, Articles needing additional references from April 2021, All articles needing additional references, Articles with unsourced statements from May 2014, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from October 2015, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2022, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, 500,000800,000 killed and 4 million displaced, Nearly 70,000 Angolans became amputees as a result of land mines. The war was preceded by protests in Zawiya on 8 August Ethiopias president Sahle-work Zewde has reiterated calls for negotiations and other peaceful resolutiion means to end the countrys nearly two year civil war. Mohamed Mire[15] The attack left 6 people dead, including the perpetrator. The airstrikes marked the fourth offensive airstrike against al-Shabaab since the new authorisation in March. [37], In July 2011, Saif al-Islam Gaddafi had an interview with Russia Today in which he denied the ICC's allegations that he or his father Muammar Gaddafi ordered the killing of civilian protesters. Though the multi-party Linas-Marcoussis Accord established a power-sharing Government of National Reconciliation in early 2003, its provisions regarding disarmament and political reform were not implemented. They took more than 100 children whose whereabouts we do not know maybe to Europe, to be evangelised. [143] Fox News reported that they targeting what Pentagon spokesperson Captain Jeff Davis said was a "group of people" associated with attacks on Mogadishu. [363] One Tuareg fighter said he and other Tuareg were ready to "fight for Gaddafi to the last drop of blood". He also blamed alcohol. AFRICOM stated that the troops will focus on bolstering the Somali army's logistics capabilities; an AFRICOM spokesman said that "This mission is not associated with teaching counterextremism tactics" and that the Somali government requested the training. Africa development News [84] One of the hostages eventually was able to escape by August 2009, while the other was last seen in a video released in June 2010 asking for assistance. [28], The French military launched its intervention in Ivory Coast, Opration Licorne, on 22 September 2002, three days after the start of the war, with an initial focus on protecting French and other foreign nationals. [53][58], The UN Security Council passed Resolution 1572 on 15 November, imposing an immediate arms embargo on Ivory Coast,[59] though the effectiveness of the embargo is debatable. [131] Savimbi had called Chevron's presence in Angola, already protected by Cuban troops, a "target" for UNITA in an interview with Foreign Policy magazine on 31 January. Justice Minister Mustafa Abdul Jalil and Interior Minister Major General Abdul Fatah Younis both defected to the opposition. Zewde made the call while addressing the Ethiopian parliament Monday on the budget for the next fiscal year. Why? [243] The Ethiopian authorities' announcement came a month after a failed October bombing attempt by Al-Shabaab in the Ethiopian capital of Addis Ababa, and a week after Ethiopia received a renewed terrorism threat from the insurgent group. In February 1999, the Security Council withdrew the last MONUA personnel. He concluded, "What we saw in Tahrir Square, and in Tunisia, was a clear situation. At the end of May 2001, De Beers, the international diamond mining company, suspended its operations in Angola, ostensibly on the grounds that negotiations with the national government reached an impasse. [47] The FNLA largely consisted of Bakongo people hailing from Northern Angola. Additionally, the Lunda Empire, in the south-east of the present day DRC, occupied a portion of what today is north-eastern Angola. [244][245] Colonel Nuretin Hurala, the commander of the Benghazi Naval Base also defected along with senior naval officials. This was part of an AU offensive to capture the city from al-Shabab fighters. [30] The agreement, which represented a comprehensive political settlement to the conflict, entailed a new power-sharing arrangement, abandoning the notion of a consensus prime minister: instead, Soro was to become prime minister (thus marginalising opposition leaders Ouattara and Bdi) but Gbagbo's constitutional prerogatives as president were also to be re-established. Namibia's declaration of independence, internationally recognized on 1 April, eliminated the threat to the MPLA from South Africa, as the SADF withdrew from Namibia. The Islamic State in Somalia (ISS) and Hizbul Islam, have also carried out attacks against both factions. On 12 September 1974, Haile Selassie and his government were overthrown by the Derg, a non-ideological committee of low-ranking officers and enlisted men in the Ethiopian Army who became the ruling military junta. Haile Selassie, his daughter by his first marriage Princess Ijigayehu, his sister Princess Tenagnework, and many of his nephews, nieces, close relatives, and in-laws were among those detained. As the first plane, a Boeing 727, approached Luena someone shot a missile at the aircraft, damaging one engine but not critically as the three-man crew landed successfully. [212], On 16 February, Somali MP Mohamud Sayid Adan, former Mogadishu mayor Mohamed Omar Habeeb and local police officer Hassan Dhicisow, were arrested by Ethiopian forces in the town of Dolow in Gedo region. [109], Alves and Van-Dunem planned to arrest Neto on 21 May before he arrived at a meeting of the Central Committee and before the commission released its report on the activities of the Nitistas. The South African government agreed to Crocker's terms in principle on 8 March. "[88] A number of restrictions were also allegedly placed on the power of the Revolutionary Committees by the Gaddafi government, leading to a resurgence in the Libyan state's popularity by the early 1990s. Now the government gave the Tigrayans a portion of land that the Amhara regarded as theirs, provoking an enduring resentment. [211], In October 2011 it was reported that the South African government was investigating the possibility that Gaddafi hired South African mercenaries to help him escape the besieged city of Sirte, where he was ultimately caught. The Libyan Army consisted of about 50,000 personnel. Anyone who throws his arms away and stays at home would be protected. The Somali Civil War (Somali: Dagaalkii Sokeeye ee Soomaaliya; Arabic: al-arb al-ahliyya a-mliyya) is an ongoing civil war that is taking place in Somalia.It grew out of resistance to the military junta which was led by Siad Barre during the 1980s. Two new rebel groups along the Liberian border, the Movement for Justice and Peace (Mouvement pour la justice et la paix) and the Ivorian Popular Movement of the Great West (Mouvement populaire ivoirien du Grand Ouest), battled government forces for western territory, before uniting with MPCI as the New Forces in December 2002. By 11 May, rebel forces gained the upper hand and made large gains taking over most of the capital. Even before the war, Mr. Abiy appeared bent on breaking the power of the T.P.L.F., a one-time rebel movement which had dominated Ethiopian politics for nearly three decades. Nine days later, the SADF attacked again, this time in Cuando-Cubango, and the MPLA threatened to respond militarily. The Nitistas captured Bula and Dangereaux, generals loyal to Neto, but Neto had moved his base of operations from the palace to the Ministry of Defence in fear of such an uprising. Although the U.S. and South African governments had stopped aiding UNITA, supplies continued to come from Mobutu in Zaire. The operations are a combination of ground raids and drone strikes. [19][37] Nonetheless, on 22 September, France launched Operation Licorne, with an initial mandate focused on protecting and evacuating French nationals and other foreign nationals. The Derg dissolved itself in 1987, establishing the People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (PDRE) under the Workers' Party of Ethiopia (WPE) in an attempt to maintain its rule. Libya had welfare systems allowing access to free education, free healthcare, and financial assistance for housing, and the Great Manmade River was built to allow free access to fresh water across large parts of the country. He also promised that international monitors would be included to ensure fair elections. [10] Bilateral pre-negotiations had in fact been underway in secret since mid-2006. The war is primarily being fought by the Ethiopian federal government and Eritrea on one side, and the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF) on the other.. After years of increased tensions and hostilities between the TPLF and the governments of Ethiopia and Eritrea, fighting South African forces tried to capture Lubango, capital of Hula province, in Operation Askari in December 1983. 243244. In addition, the report stated that there were information platforms such as newspapers and TV channels for people to express their opinions through. [9] Although immigration slowed from the 1990s, the Muslim population continued to grow in demographic importance due to a widening fertility gap. The MPLA government tried unsuccessfully to take UNITA's supply depot in Mavinga from Menongue. Alves visited the Soviet Union in October 1976, and may have obtained Soviet support for a coup against Neto. [61][62] In Galmudug, Clan militia took the town of Masagaway from Al-Shabaab, while there was also fighting in Warsheekh. [83] France responded on 22 July by sending in warships and helicopters near the ports of Mogadishu and Marka declaring they would undertake military operations to free the two French military advisers who had been captured by insurgents. In addition, some loyalist forces crossed into Niger, though the escape attempts exploded into violence when detected by Nigerien troops. The Angolan Civil War (Portuguese: Guerra Civil Angolana) was a civil war in Angola, beginning in 1975 and continuing, with interludes, until 2002. [251] He also stated that he will support any form of government that Libya will choose after Gaddafi including a constitutional monarchy. On 10 May, a leaked AMISOM report alleged that ground troops of the Ethiopian National Defense Force operating outside AMISOM authority had shot the aircraft down, mistakenly believing it was undertaking a suicide attack. [47], Since its formation in the 1950s, the MPLA's main social base has been among the Ambundu people and the multiracial intelligentsia of cities such as Luanda, Benguela and Huambo. The Great African War: Congo and Regional Geopolitics, 19962006. Eight days later, the French government responded to Mobutu's plea and airlifted 1,500 Moroccan troops into Kinshasa. On 17 November 1989, the Supreme Council of Georgia held its fall plenary session, which lasted two days. [219], On 19 June, Ethiopian forces entered Bakool and reached Elberde town. Diomede Ndegeya[17] Personnel will also be sent to South Sudan to carry out a similar role. [134][135], On 1 June 2016, Al Shabaab militants attacked with a car bomb on the gate of Ambassador Hotel in Mogadishu, Somalia. Under dos Santos's leadership, Angolan troops crossed the border into Namibia for the first time on 31 October, going into Kavango. By contrast the other two major anti-colonial movements the FNLA and UNITA, were rurally based groups. The talks were "a French-driven initiative with inputs from regional organizations and the UN": they were chaired by Pierre Mazeaud, the chairman of the French Constitutional Council, who was assisted by Kba Mbaye (a Senegalese judge), Seydou Diarra (former Ivorian prime minister and African Union (AU) special envoy), Mohamed Ibn Chambas (the executive secretary of ECOWAS), and Ahmedou Ould Abdallah (the Special Representative for West Africa of the UN Secretary-General). In the film, Dolph Lundgren plays Nikolai, a Soviet agent sent to assassinate an African revolutionary in a fictional country modeled on Angola. Many of the roots of the ongoing civil conflict within Ethiopia date back to the mid-twentieth century and earlier. The statement added: "The clashes last night were between small groups of people up to 150. [370], Many states also either issued travel advisories or attempted evacuations. [120] Neto moved swiftly, getting the party's Central Committee to fire Nascimento from his posts as Prime Minister, Secretary of the Politburo, Director of National Television, and Director of Jornal de Angola. Slaves were bought from African intermediaries and sold to Portuguese colonies in Brazil and the Caribbean. [180], In late April, United States Ambassador to the United Nations Susan Rice alleged that soldiers loyal to Gaddafi were given Viagra and encouraged to commit rapes in rebel-held or disputed areas. According to an aid official in Ndalatando, the Angolan military prohibited media coverage of the incident, so the details of the attack are unknown. Abu Musa Mombasa, Hassan Sheikh Mohamud(President of Somalia) They advanced deep into Gedo region in the direction of the towns of Beledehawa and Elwak, accompanied by militia of pro-Ethiopian, Somali fraction leaders. This push resulted in the deaths of at least 47 people, rebels displayed one wounded and five dead Burundian AMISOM soldiers. [citation needed] In 2016, a French judicial investigation recommended that three French ministers Michel Barnier, Dominique de Villepin and Michle Alliot-Marie be referred for prosecution for allegedly having obstructed an investigation into the initial Ivorian air raid. The film follows the lives of three individuals: Vitrio, a war veteran crippled by a landmine who returns to Luanda; Manu, a young boy searching for his soldier father; and Joana, a teacher who mentors the boy and begins a love affair with Vitrio. [309] Abdul Jalil, the chairman of NTC, warned Libyans that the country could descend into another civil war if they resort to force to settle their differences. [220] Several residents reported that cellphone service was down, and even landline phone service was sporadic. Ethiopia is Africas second most populous nation, with the largest economy in East Africa. The FAA would consist of a national army with 40,000 troops, navy with 6,000, and air force with 4,000. [100] While Neto did support the FNLC, the MPLA government's support came in response to Mobutu's continued support for Angola's FNLA. Two months later, Reagan announced the delivery of Stinger surface-to-air missiles as part of the $25million in aid UNITA received from the U.S. Among those killed in the purge were Tito Chingunji and his family in 1991. [2][7] This policy affected the voting rights not only of immigrants but also of many northern Ivorians. [43] On 13 September, Gbagbo finally made permanent appointments to the defence and interior portfolios. Top africa news Everybody is terrified because of the armed militia. [37], The validity of the rape allegations is questioned by Amnesty International, which has not found evidence to back up the claims and said that there are indications that on several occasions the rebels in Benghazi appeared to have knowingly made false claims or manufactured evidence. Savimbi paid Black, Manafort, Stone, and Kelly, a lobbying firm based in Washington, D.C., $5million to lobby the Federal government for aid, portray UNITA favorably in Western media, and acquire support among politicians in Washington. It began in late January 2009 with the conflict mainly between the forces of the Federal Government of Somalia assisted by African Union peacekeeping troops and Al-Qaeda aligned Al-Shabaab militants. Libya was officially run by a system of people's committees which served as local governments for the country's subdivisions, an indirectly elected General People's Congress as the legislature, and the General People's Committee, led by a Secretary-General, as the executive branch. [180] The government bought L-39 attack aircraft from the Czech Republic in 1998 along with ammunition and uniforms from Zimbabwe Defence Industries and ammunition and weapons from Ukraine in 1998 and 1999. In this context, they also moved further south along the coast, and founded the "third bridgehead" of Momedes. Dozens of them were arrested. [138], On 29 September 2016, a Somali regional government demanded an explanation from the United States after an airstrike killed 22 civilians and other soldiers instead of the targeted al-Shabab militants in Galmudug. [73][74] Except for housing improvements and the Great Manmade River, little infrastructure was developed in this region for many years. For the 2011-2012 conflict, see, Linas-Marcoussis talks: 1526 January 2003, FrenchIvorian violence clashes: November 2004, Ivorian Popular Movement of the Great West, Economic Community of West African States, Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, United Nations Operation in Cte d'Ivoire, Union for Democracy and Peace in Ivory Coast, Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, "International interventions in Cte d'Ivoire: In search of a point of leverage", "Cte d'Ivoire: Patriotism, Ethnonationalism and Other African Modes of Self-Writing", "Power Struggle Is Simmering in Ivory Coast", "Cte d'Ivoire: Continuity and Change in a Semi-Democracy", "Elections and Ethnic Violence in Cte d'Ivoire: The Unfinished Business of Succession and Democratic Transition", "The War of "Who Is Who": Autochthony, Nationalism, and Citizenship in the Ivoirian Crisis", "Cte d'Ivoire: Socio-political Crises, 'Ivoirit' and the Course of History", "Democracy and Civil War: Citizenship and Peacemaking in Cte d'Ivoire", "Cte d'Ivoire: Ethnic Turmoil and Foreign Intervention", "The New Racism: The Political Manipulation of Ethnicity in Cte d'Ivoire", "Police, but Few Voters, in Ivory Coast Turnout", "Coup Failed In Ivory Coast, Officials Say", "Pathways from rebellion: Rebel-party configurations in Cte d'Ivoire and Burundi", "Cte d'Ivoire: Chaotic Conflict Deepens As Government Troops Fight To Recover Lost Territory In Ivory Coast", "Cte d'Ivoire: "The War Is Not Yet Over", "Youth, Poverty and Blood: The Lethal Legacy of West Africa's Regional Warriors", "Tackling Liberia: The Eye of the Regional Storm", "Mercenary involvement won't be tolerated, govt", "Cte d'Ivoire: Ex-Child Soldiers Recruited for War", "Trade Registers: Cte d'Ivoire Receipts", "The Many Lives of a Peacekeeping Mission: The UN Operation in Cte d'Ivoire", "Letter to the President of the Security Council", "U.N. suspends Moroccan contingent in Ivory Coast", "David against Goliath in Cte d'Ivoire? According to Moreno-Ocampo, "shooting at protesters was systematic". [10] Groups perceived as foreign had long histories of migration to Ivory Coast, both before and during colonialism Burkinabs, for example, had been represented among Ivorian residents since before states existed in either Burkina Faso or Ivory Coast and many of their members had been citizens for multiple generations. According to 2009 estimates by the Uppsala Conflict Data Program, in its deadliest years between 2002 and 2004, the war had between 933 and 1,689 casualties, with a best guess of 1,265 casualties. Davis' deputy, former U.S. ambassador to Chile Edward Mulcahy, also opposed direct involvement. The MPLA government forces used air power in indiscriminate fashion also resulting in high civilian deaths. A number of senior military officials defected to the opposition, including General Abdul Fatah Younis, General al-Barani Ashkal,[243] Major General Suleiman Mahmoud, Brigadier General Musa'ed Ghaidan Al Mansouri, Brigadier General Hassan Ibrahim Al Qarawi and Brigadier General Dawood Issa Al Qafsi. [90][92], In December 2009, Gaddafi reportedly told government officials that Libya would soon experience a "new political period" and would have elections for important positions such as minister-level roles and the National Security Advisor position (a Prime Minister equivalent). [84][85], In 2009 and 2011, the Freedom of the Press Index rated Libya the most-censored state in the Middle East and North Africa. The local head of the intelligence agency, Abdirashid Abdunur, was among those killed. The MPLA government recorded 529 instances in which they claim South African forces violated Angola's territorial sovereignty between January and June 1980. "[175] Gaddafi's military commanders also reportedly executed soldiers who refused to fire on protesters. Somalia's Foreign Minister Fowzia Haji Yussuf welcomed the decision, stating that the move would galvanize AMISOM's campaign against the insurgent group. [207], On 30 March 2017, CNN reported that US President Donald Trump signed off a decision by the White House which approved a new strategy granting AFRICOM the authority to step up counterterrorism strikes in Somalia; under the new strategy, the US military will now be able to conduct precision airstrikes in support of the Somalia National Army and AMISOM forces. When Ivorian President Flix Houphout-Boigny died in December 1993, the end of his thirty-three-year presidency inaugurated a prolonged "crisis of succession", which destabilised Ivorian politics for the remainder of the decade. Africa Political News The fighting lasted for two days and killed 87 people, including: 48 civilians, 15 insurgents and 6 TFG policemen. [190] Cleric Ali al-Sallabi allegedly served as a primary "conduit for Qatari humanitarian aid, money and arms" and helped to direct more than a dozen of the Qatari shipments. [85] Clark proposed an amendment to the Arms Export Control Act, barring aid to private groups engaged in military or paramilitary operations in Angola. The production of oil had almost completely stopped and the government had lost control of large areas of the country to the militias, while violence increased throughout the country. [94] In 1979, some of the Revolutionary Committees had eventually evolved into self-appointed, sometimes zealous, enforcers of revolutionary orthodoxy. Nightmare. The Central African Republic Civil War is an ongoing civil war in the Central African Republic (CAR) involving the government, rebels from the Slka coalition, and Anti-balaka militias. If in five years the world does not recognize what we have done, he said, as he negotiated a turn, then I am not your brother., It was all part of his vision, he explained, to transform his country into a modern state. On 4 February, the UN Security Council adopted unanimously its first resolution on the Ivorian crisis, calling, in Resolution 1464, for the implementation of the peace agreement, and expressing approval of the French and ECOWAS presence in Ivory Coast. [82] Ford signed the bill into law on 9 February 1976. [295], By mid-October 2011, much of the city of Sirte had been taken by NTC forces, although fierce fighting continued around the city center, where many pro-Gaddafi fighters were encamped. africanews He cited reports from the Libyan Foreign Ministry that up to 2,500 al-Qaeda foreign operatives have been working in eastern Libya and were mostly responsible for "stirring up trouble." [231], On 29 August, there was a second Ethiopian incursion. [33] In the months after Linas-Marcoussis, this narrative was used by Gbagbo to deny the legitimacy of international decisions, in favour of reasserting presidential prerogatives, and to justify his reluctance to implement the peace agreement. [215] The Slovak government sold fighter jets to the Angolan government in 2001 in violation of the European Union Code of Conduct on Arms Exports. [76] In late December, they met again, this time in Tibissou to preside over the beginning of a nation-wide disarmament process, scheduled to unfold over three months as troops from both sides left the front and returned to barracks. Democrats and Republicans make last-minute pitches on polls eve, Hacker threatens to leak Australians medical data in 24 hours, Strong impression Putin will skip G20, Indonesias Widodo says, For Ghanas Only Openly Transgender Musician, Every Day Is Dangerous, This is how my votes were stolen in August polls, Nyeri MCA candidate tells court, Man charged for using new Safaricom line to get Sh400,000 from Co-op Bank, Nurse using her experience to bridge nursing shortage through training, Social and Email Marketing by VerticalResponse. Also on 28 September, near the town of Galkayo, a Somali army unit conducting counterterrorism operations nearby, when the Somali soldiers came under fire from al-Shabab militants. Following the meeting, Reagan spoke of UNITA as winning a victory that "electrifies the world". This changed after the start of the civil war when a number of new shari'a courts began to spring up in many different cities and towns across the country. The Zairean army (the Forces Armes Zaroises) was defeated without difficulty and the FNLC continued to advance. [11] On 16 April, Gbagbo declared that the war was over, as he, with Soro, presided over the first steps to dismantle the UNOCI buffer zone, an occasion celebrated by a joint parade of government and New Forces troops. This extended even to his own sons, as he repeatedly changed affections to avoid the rise of a clear successor and rival. [11] Despite an announcement in May 2009 that the election would be held on November 29,[11] it did not take place until October 2010. [344][345][346], An Amnesty International statement, released on 30 August 2011, stated that on visits to detention centres in Zawiya and Tripoli, Amnesty International was informed that between one third and half of those detained were from Sub-Saharan Africa. She also emphasized the importance of collaboration between Somalia and Ethiopia. Hundreds were killed and injured and tens of thousands were displaced. [37] However, its deployment was delayed, and the first contingent of troops did not arrive until 18 January 2003 and consisted of only 172 soldiers. [202], In the war for independence, the division of assimilados versus indigenas peoples masked the inter-ethnic conflict between the various native tribes, a division that emerged in the early 1970s. The Ethiopian Civil War ended on 28 May 1991 when the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF), a coalition of left-wing ethnic rebel groups, entered the capital Addis Ababa. [1] Ivory Coast's former colonial power, France, launched a military intervention soon after the initial rebellion. [129], An anonymous hip hop artist called Ibn Thabit gave a voice to "disenfranchised Libyans looking for a non-violent way to express their political will". By the end of the year the government had arrested the leadership of all three rebel organizations. [234], 3 January, Ahlu Sunna Waljamaa official Sheikh Abdi Badel Sheikh Abdullahi, complained about Ethiopian forces in the town of Dolo, in Gedo region. The UN Security Council voted on 28 August 1997, to impose sanctions on UNITA through Resolution 1127, prohibiting UNITA leaders from traveling abroad, closing UNITA's embassies abroad, and making UNITA-controlled areas a no-fly zone.
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